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‘Uthmān ibn ‘Affān (abt 0576, Taif, Arabia-17 Jun 0656, Medina, Arabia) was a son-in-law and companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, [1] the third of the Rashidun, or "Rightly Guided Caliphs". [2]
Born into a prominent Meccan clan, the Banu Umayya of the Quraysh tribe, he played a major role in early Islamic history, and is known for having ordered the compilation of the standard version of the Quran. When Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab died in office, Uthman, succeeded him. Under his reign the Caliphate expanded into present-day Iran, Afghanistan and Armenia, although widespread unrest eventually led to armed revolt and his assassination. [1]
Uthman was married to Ruqayyah bint Muhammad, [3] and upon her death, married her sister, Umm Kulthum. [4] Both his wives having been elder daughters of the Prophet Muhammad and his wife Khadija earned him the honorific title Dhū al-Nurayn ("The Possessor of Two Lights"). Thus he was also brother-in-law of the fourth Rashidun Caliph, Ali. Ali's wife, Fatimah, was the younger sister of Uthman's wives Ruqayyah and Umm Kulthum. [1]
Sources
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 _ WIKIPEDIA: "Uthman", accessed 18 Aug 2019 (blss)
- ↑ _ WIKIPEDIA: "Rashidun Caliphate", accessed 12 Aug 2019 (blss)
- ↑ _ WIKIPEDIA: "Ruqayyah bint Muhammad", accessed 12 Aug 2019 (blss)
- ↑ _ WIKIPEDIA: "Kulthum bint Muhammad", accessed 18 Aug 2019 (blss)
