To cite this:
Virani, Shafique N. “Hierohistory in Qāḍī l-Nuʿmān’s Foundation of Symbolic Interpretation (Asās al-Taʾwīl): The Birth
of Jesus.” Chap. 5. In Studies in Islamic Historiography. Edited by Sami G. Massoud. Islamic History and Civiliza�on
166, 147-169. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 2019.
www.academia.edu/41992496/Hierohistory_in_Qāḍī_l-Nuʿmān_s_Founda�on_of_Symbolic_Interpreta�on_Asās_alTaʾwīl_The_Birth_of_Jesus
www.shafiquevirani.org
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