Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Jan 11:11:618614.
doi: 10.3389/fgene.2020.618614. eCollection 2020.

Male-Dominated Migration and Massive Assimilation of Indigenous East Asians in the Formation of Muslim Hui People in Southwest China

Qiyan Wang  1 , Jing Zhao  2 , Zheng Ren  1 , Jin Sun  2 , Guanglin He  2 , Jianxin Guo  2 , Hongling Zhang  1 , Jingyan Ji  1 , Yubo Liu  1 , Meiqing Yang  1 , Xiaomin Yang  2 , Jinwen Chen  2 , Kongyang Zhu  2 , Rui Wang  2 , Yingxiang Li  2 , Gang Chen  3 , Jiang Huang  1 , Chuan-Chao Wang  2
Affiliations

Male-Dominated Migration and Massive Assimilation of Indigenous East Asians in the Formation of Muslim Hui People in Southwest China

Qiyan Wang et al. Front Genet. .

Abstract

The origin and diversification of Muslim Hui people in China via demic or simple cultural diffusion is a long-going debate. We here generated genome-wide data at nearly 700,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 45 Hui and 14 Han Chinese individuals collected from Guizhou province in southwest China. We applied principal component analysis (PCA), ADMIXTURE, f-statistics, qpWave, and qpAdm analysis to infer the population genetic structure and admixture history. Our results revealed the Guizhou Hui people have a limited amount of West Eurasian related ancestry at a proportion of 6%, but show massive genetic assimilation with indigenous southern Han Chinese and Tibetan or Tungusic/Mongolic related northern East Asians. We also detected a high frequency of North Asia or Central Asia related paternal Y-chromosome but not maternal mtDNA lineages in Guizhou Hui. Our observation supports the cultural diffusion has played a vital role in the formation of Hui people and the migration of Hui people to southwest China was probably a sex-biased male-driven process.

Keywords: genetic structure; population admixture; population genetics; population history; southwest China.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

GC was employed by company WeGene. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The handling editor declared a past co-authorship with one of the authors C-CW.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Geographic locations of sampling marked with black solid circles, including 45 Hui and 14 Han individuals in Guizhou province of southwest China. Detail information for each samples was listed in Supplementary Table S1.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Genetic structure of analyzed populations in this study. (A) Principal component analysis of Hui_Guizhou and Han_Guizhou with other East Asian and French populations. (B) An enlarged view of the area marked by the gray wireframe in (A) with CHS (Southern China) removed. (C) ADMIXTURE model-based clustering analysis of Hui_Guizhou and Han_Guizhou groups with present and ancient worldwide populations. The results showed when four ancestral sources are predefined.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Modeling the ancestral source of Hui_Guizhou people via qpWave and qpAdm. (A) the proportions of French and Han_Guizhou related ancestry. (B) the proportions of Tibetan, French, and Ha_Guizhou related ancestry. (C) the proportions of Daur, French, and Han_Guizhou related ancestry. (D) the proportions of DevilsCave, French, and Han_Guizhou related accestry. (E) the proportions of Ulchi, French, and Han_Guizhou related ancestry. All the modeling results for the Hui_Guizhou cluster and related outgroups were showed in Supplementary Tables S7–S12.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Comparison of Y-chromosome (A) and mitochondrial haplogroups (B) distribution in the Hui_Guizhou and Han_Guizhou lineages.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. 1000 Genomes Project Consortium, Auton A., Brooks L. D., Durbin R. M., Garrison E. P., Kang H. M., et al. (2015). A global reference for human genetic variation. Nature 526 68–74. 10.1038/nature15393 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Alexander D. H., Novembre J., Lange K. (2009). Fast model-based estimation of ancestry in unrelated individuals. Genome Res. 19 1655–1664. 10.1101/gr.094052.109 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Balanovsky O., Gurianov V., Zaporozhchenko V., Balaganskaya O., Urasin V., Zhabagin M., et al. (2017). Phylogeography of human Y-chromosome haplogroup Q3-L275 from an academic/citizen science collaboration. BMC Evol. Biol. 17(Suppl. 1):18. 10.1186/s12862-016-0870-2 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bao J. X. (1982). When the Hui people moved to Guizhou. Guizhou Historical Stud. 1 61–63.
    1. Du R., Yip V. F. (1993). Ethnic Groups in China. New York, NY: Science Press.

LinkOut - more resources