1965 Virginia gubernatorial election
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 County and independent city results Godwin: 30–40% 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% 70–80% Holton: 30–40% 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% Story: 30–40% 40–50% 50–60% | |||||||||||||||||||||
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| Elections in Virginia |
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In the 1965 Virginia gubernatorial election, incumbent Governor Albertis Harrison, a Democrat, was unable to seek re-election due to term limits. Linwood Holton, an attorney from Roanoke, was nominated by the Republican Party to run against Democratic Lieutenant Governor of Virginia Mills Godwin. George Lincoln Rockwell, an avowed white supremacist and founder/leader of the American Nazi Party, ran as an independent candidate.
Godwin won the election with a plurality over Holton and Story. Story's strength mainly came at the expense of the Democrats as counties in the Piedmont that had been won by Democrats with over seventy percent shrank to forty percent or less. Godwin did best in the Tidewater Region, while Holton ran best in the traditionally Republican Shenandoah Valley and Southwest Virginia. Increased turnout due to the Twenty-fourth Amendment helped Godwin. Whereas previous Republican gubernatorial candidates had typically won a clear majority of a limited black vote,[1] Godwin is thought to have won seventy-five percent of a black vote estimated at seventy thousand.[a][1]
General election
[edit]
Candidates
[edit]- Mills E. Godwin, Jr., Lieutenant Governor of Virginia (Democratic)
- A. Linwood Holton, Jr., Roanoke attorney (Republican)
- George Lincoln Rockwell, founder of the American Nazi Party (Independent)
- William J. Story, Jr., assistant superintendent of Chesapeake City Public Schools (Conservative)
Rockwell ran as a candidate in the 1965 Virginia gubernatorial election. He planned his run at least a year in advance of his actual run, telling an associate that such a campaign would be useful to inflame the reaction of the Jewish population.[4][5] He filed for governor on April 20, 1965, running as an independent.[6] Rockwell campaign promoted white schools, law and order, taxes and welfare, anti-subversive commission, and relocation benefits.[7]
Come election day in November, Rockwell received 5,730 votes[8] This was slightly less than 1% of the total vote.[8] While he was initially disappointed and shocked by his showing, only weeks later at a speech he spun it as a positive result, saying that "with a budget of $15,000, with a total press blackout, and with a 'Kosher conservative' [splitting the vote] ... I got 7,000 people to vote for a Nazi."[8][9]
Results
[edit]| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Mills E. Godwin Jr. | 296,526 | 47.89% | −15.96% | |
| Republican | A. Linwood Holton Jr. | 212,207 | 37.71% | +1.56% | |
| Conservative | William J. Story Jr. | 75,307 | 13.38% | +13.38% | |
| White Constitutional | George Lincoln Rockwell | 5,730 | 1.02% | ||
| Write-ins | 19 | <0.01% | |||
| Majority | 84,319 | 14.98% | −12.73% | ||
| Turnout | 562,789 | ||||
| Democratic hold | Swing | ||||
Results by county
[edit]| 1965 Virginia gubernatorial election by county or independent city[11] | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mills Edwin Godwin jr. Democratic |
Abner Linwood Holton jr. Republican |
William J. Story Jr. Conservative |
George Lincoln Rockwell Independent |
Margin | Total votes cast | ||||||
| # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | ||
| Accomack County | 2,284 | 65.67% | 892 | 25.65% | 255 | 7.33% | 47 | 1.35% | 1,392 | 40.02% | 3,478 |
| Albemarle County | 2,108 | 51.31% | 1,495 | 36.39% | 438 | 10.66% | 66 | 1.61% | 613 | 14.92% | 4,107 |
| Alleghany County | 903 | 55.67% | 583 | 35.94% | 110 | 6.78% | 26 | 1.60% | 320 | 19.73% | 1,622 |
| Amelia County | 627 | 40.14% | 156 | 9.99% | 762 | 48.78% | 17 | 1.09% | -135[b] | -8.64% | 1,562 |
| Amherst County | 1,553 | 52.01% | 629 | 21.06% | 759 | 25.42% | 45 | 1.51% | 794[b] | 26.59% | 2,986 |
| Appomattox County | 1,216 | 59.43% | 247 | 12.07% | 559 | 27.32% | 24 | 1.17% | 657[b] | 32.11% | 2,046 |
| Arlington County | 11,193 | 43.72% | 13,079 | 51.09% | 1,026 | 4.01% | 303 | 1.18% | -1,886 | -7.37% | 25,601 |
| Augusta County | 2,503 | 43.95% | 2,914 | 51.17% | 211 | 3.71% | 67 | 1.18% | -411 | -7.22% | 5,695 |
| Bath County | 411 | 57.32% | 248 | 34.59% | 51 | 7.11% | 7 | 0.98% | 163 | 22.73% | 717 |
| Bedford County | 2,053 | 45.21% | 1,513 | 33.32% | 847 | 18.65% | 128 | 2.82% | 540 | 11.89% | 4,541 |
| Bland County | 542 | 53.82% | 410 | 40.71% | 39 | 3.87% | 16 | 1.59% | 132 | 13.11% | 1,007 |
| Botetourt County | 1,143 | 42.38% | 1,367 | 50.69% | 169 | 6.27% | 18 | 0.67% | -224 | -8.31% | 2,697 |
| Brunswick County | 672 | 25.30% | 518 | 19.50% | 1,447 | 54.48% | 19 | 0.72% | -775[b] | -29.18% | 2,656 |
| Buchanan County | 2,776 | 61.46% | 1,557 | 34.47% | 56 | 1.24% | 128 | 2.83% | 1,219 | 26.99% | 4,517 |
| Buckingham County | 1,013 | 68.68% | 205 | 13.90% | 248 | 16.81% | 9 | 0.61% | 765[b] | 51.86% | 1,475 |
| Campbell County | 1,662 | 39.43% | 1,267 | 30.06% | 1,194 | 28.33% | 92 | 2.18% | 395 | 9.37% | 4,215 |
| Caroline County | 835 | 53.63% | 225 | 14.45% | 493 | 31.66% | 4 | 0.26% | 342[b] | 21.97% | 1,557 |
| Carroll County | 1,439 | 32.18% | 2,895 | 64.74% | 92 | 2.06% | 46 | 1.03% | -1,456 | -32.56% | 4,472 |
| Charles City County | 598 | 77.97% | 88 | 11.47% | 77 | 10.04% | 4 | 0.52% | 510 | 66.49% | 767 |
| Charlotte County | 661 | 37.28% | 238 | 13.42% | 851 | 48.00% | 23 | 1.30% | -190[b] | -10.72% | 1,773 |
| Chesterfield County | 4,314 | 29.40% | 4,634 | 31.59% | 5,656 | 38.55% | 67 | 0.46% | -1,022[c] | -6.97% | 14,671 |
| Clarke County | 608 | 67.56% | 255 | 28.33% | 20 | 2.22% | 17 | 1.89% | 353 | 39.22% | 900 |
| Craig County | 482 | 58.71% | 319 | 38.86% | 19 | 2.31% | 1 | 0.12% | 163 | 19.85% | 821 |
| Culpeper County | 1,454 | 68.36% | 552 | 25.95% | 80 | 3.76% | 41 | 1.93% | 902 | 42.41% | 2,127 |
| Cumberland County | 591 | 49.96% | 110 | 9.30% | 477 | 40.32% | 5 | 0.42% | 114[b] | 9.64% | 1,183 |
| Dickenson County | 1,369 | 53.08% | 1,153 | 44.71% | 21 | 0.81% | 36 | 1.40% | 216 | 8.38% | 2,579 |
| Dinwiddie County | 1,313 | 54.28% | 267 | 11.04% | 826 | 34.15% | 13 | 0.54% | 487[b] | 20.13% | 2,419 |
| Essex County | 331 | 43.32% | 142 | 18.59% | 290 | 37.96% | 1 | 0.13% | 41[b] | 5.37% | 764 |
| Fairfax County | 16,974 | 43.20% | 20,917 | 53.23% | 1,055 | 2.68% | 346 | 0.88% | -3,943 | -10.03% | 39,292 |
| Fauquier County | 1,850 | 67.64% | 809 | 29.58% | 55 | 2.01% | 21 | 0.77% | 1,041 | 38.06% | 2,735 |
| Floyd County | 623 | 32.05% | 1,261 | 64.87% | 48 | 2.47% | 12 | 0.62% | -638 | -32.82% | 1,944 |
| Fluvanna County | 441 | 46.52% | 195 | 20.57% | 300 | 31.65% | 12 | 1.27% | 141[b] | 14.87% | 948 |
| Franklin County | 2,298 | 53.13% | 1,654 | 38.24% | 283 | 6.54% | 90 | 2.08% | 644 | 14.89% | 4,325 |
| Frederick County | 1,168 | 56.32% | 827 | 39.87% | 57 | 2.75% | 22 | 1.06% | 341 | 16.44% | 2,074 |
| Giles County | 1,606 | 51.74% | 1,348 | 43.43% | 134 | 4.32% | 16 | 0.52% | 258 | 8.31% | 3,104 |
| Gloucester County | 936 | 53.95% | 485 | 27.95% | 299 | 17.23% | 15 | 0.86% | 451 | 25.99% | 1,735 |
| Goochland County | 859 | 51.19% | 251 | 14.96% | 557 | 33.19% | 11 | 0.66% | 302[b] | 18.00% | 1,678 |
| Grayson County | 2,209 | 48.49% | 2,240 | 49.17% | 81 | 1.78% | 26 | 0.57% | -31 | -0.68% | 4,556 |
| Greene County | 305 | 39.66% | 370 | 48.11% | 57 | 7.41% | 37 | 4.81% | -65 | -8.45% | 769 |
| Greensville County | 1,068 | 28.34% | 1,441 | 38.23% | 1,182 | 31.36% | 78 | 2.07% | 259[c] | 6.87% | 3,769 |
| Halifax County | 1,578 | 45.51% | 954 | 27.52% | 852 | 24.57% | 83 | 2.39% | 624 | 18.00% | 3,467 |
| Hanover County | 1,636 | 40.78% | 1,235 | 30.78% | 1,099 | 27.39% | 42 | 1.05% | 401 | 10.00% | 4,012 |
| Henrico County | 8,311 | 35.91% | 8,814 | 38.08% | 5,875 | 25.38% | 137 | 0.59% | -503 | -2.17% | 23,137 |
| Henry County | 1,879 | 53.30% | 1,229 | 34.87% | 359 | 10.18% | 58 | 1.65% | 650 | 18.44% | 3,525 |
| Highland County | 329 | 44.34% | 381 | 51.35% | 22 | 2.96% | 10 | 1.35% | -52 | -7.01% | 742 |
| Isle of Wight County | 1,592 | 63.76% | 511 | 20.46% | 382 | 15.30% | 12 | 0.48% | 1,081 | 43.29% | 2,497 |
| James City County | 607 | 49.84% | 439 | 36.04% | 151 | 12.40% | 21 | 1.72% | 168 | 13.79% | 1,218 |
| King and Queen County | 328 | 52.40% | 91 | 14.54% | 187 | 29.87% | 20 | 3.19% | 141[b] | 22.52% | 626 |
| King George County | 595 | 64.19% | 278 | 29.99% | 37 | 3.99% | 17 | 1.83% | 317 | 34.20% | 927 |
| King William County | 630 | 54.83% | 202 | 17.58% | 308 | 26.81% | 9 | 0.78% | 322[b] | 28.02% | 1,149 |
| Lancaster County | 688 | 48.66% | 450 | 31.82% | 261 | 18.46% | 15 | 1.06% | 238 | 16.83% | 1,414 |
| Lee County | 2,583 | 67.62% | 1,118 | 29.27% | 33 | 0.86% | 86 | 2.25% | 1,465 | 38.35% | 3,820 |
| Loudoun County | 1,847 | 58.41% | 1,171 | 37.03% | 87 | 2.75% | 53 | 1.68% | 676 | 21.38% | 3,158 |
| Louisa County | 890 | 49.53% | 307 | 17.08% | 572 | 31.83% | 27 | 1.50% | 318[b] | 17.70% | 1,796 |
| Lunenburg County | 993 | 40.58% | 200 | 8.17% | 1,247 | 50.96% | 7 | 0.29% | -254[b] | -10.38% | 2,447 |
| Madison County | 500 | 50.15% | 376 | 37.71% | 97 | 9.73% | 24 | 2.41% | 124 | 12.44% | 997 |
| Mathews County | 780 | 54.47% | 482 | 33.66% | 159 | 11.10% | 11 | 0.77% | 298 | 20.81% | 1,432 |
| Mecklenburg County | 1,439 | 39.03% | 663 | 17.98% | 1,549 | 42.01% | 36 | 0.98% | -110[b] | -2.98% | 3,687 |
| Middlesex County | 541 | 51.67% | 193 | 18.43% | 299 | 28.56% | 14 | 1.34% | 242[b] | 23.11% | 1,047 |
| Montgomery County | 2,196 | 38.06% | 3,263 | 56.55% | 269 | 4.66% | 42 | 0.73% | -1,067 | -18.49% | 5,770 |
| Nansemond County | 3,441 | 71.90% | 697 | 14.56% | 628 | 13.12% | 20 | 0.42% | 2,744 | 57.33% | 4,786 |
| Nelson County | 793 | 67.43% | 227 | 19.30% | 121 | 10.29% | 34 | 2.89% | 566 | 48.13% | 1,175 |
| New Kent County | 314 | 41.48% | 188 | 24.83% | 250 | 33.03% | 5 | 0.66% | 64[b] | 8.45% | 757 |
| Northampton County | 958 | 56.62% | 492 | 29.08% | 237 | 14.01% | 5 | 0.30% | 466 | 27.54% | 1,692 |
| Northumberland County | 549 | 47.86% | 394 | 34.35% | 197 | 17.18% | 7 | 0.61% | 155 | 13.51% | 1,147 |
| Nottoway County | 1,054 | 39.91% | 178 | 6.74% | 1,391 | 52.67% | 18 | 0.68% | -337[b] | -12.76% | 2,641 |
| Orange County | 892 | 54.59% | 490 | 29.99% | 228 | 13.95% | 24 | 1.47% | 402 | 24.60% | 1,634 |
| Page County | 1,992 | 45.46% | 2,250 | 51.35% | 75 | 1.71% | 65 | 1.48% | -258 | -5.89% | 4,382 |
| Patrick County | 935 | 60.17% | 550 | 35.39% | 57 | 3.67% | 12 | 0.77% | 385 | 24.77% | 1,554 |
| Pittsylvania County | 2,334 | 45.68% | 1,033 | 20.22% | 1,644 | 32.18% | 98 | 1.92% | 690[b] | 13.51% | 5,109 |
| Powhatan County | 546 | 41.74% | 125 | 9.56% | 636 | 48.62% | 1 | 0.08% | -90[b] | -6.88% | 1,308 |
| Prince Edward County | 1,085 | 42.04% | 236 | 9.14% | 1,242 | 48.12% | 18 | 0.70% | -157[b] | -6.08% | 2,581 |
| Prince George County | 1,169 | 52.26% | 490 | 21.90% | 564 | 25.21% | 14 | 0.63% | 605[b] | 27.05% | 2,237 |
| Prince William County | 2,392 | 61.43% | 1,364 | 35.03% | 81 | 2.08% | 57 | 1.46% | 1,028 | 26.40% | 3,894 |
| Pulaski County | 1,865 | 49.29% | 1,669 | 44.11% | 224 | 5.92% | 26 | 0.69% | 196 | 5.18% | 3,784 |
| Rappahannock County | 355 | 65.26% | 173 | 31.80% | 8 | 1.47% | 8 | 1.47% | 182 | 33.46% | 544 |
| Richmond County | 328 | 49.25% | 197 | 29.58% | 132 | 19.82% | 9 | 1.35% | 131 | 19.67% | 666 |
| Roanoke County | 3,470 | 31.36% | 7,032 | 63.56% | 492 | 4.45% | 70 | 0.63% | -3,562 | -32.19% | 11,064 |
| Rockbridge County | 1,206 | 43.76% | 1,309 | 47.50% | 223 | 8.09% | 18 | 0.65% | -103 | -3.74% | 2,756 |
| Rockingham County | 2,302 | 40.79% | 3,089 | 54.73% | 189 | 3.35% | 64 | 1.13% | -787 | -13.94% | 5,644 |
| Russell County | 1,797 | 45.15% | 2,064 | 51.86% | 75 | 1.88% | 44 | 1.11% | -267 | -6.71% | 3,980 |
| Scott County | 1,909 | 37.39% | 3,032 | 59.39% | 76 | 1.49% | 88 | 1.72% | -1,123 | -22.00% | 5,105 |
| Shenandoah County | 1,900 | 38.23% | 2,896 | 58.27% | 122 | 2.45% | 52 | 1.05% | -996 | -20.04% | 4,970 |
| Smyth County | 1,843 | 41.68% | 2,467 | 55.79% | 72 | 1.63% | 40 | 0.90% | -624 | -14.11% | 4,422 |
| Southampton County | 1,284 | 45.12% | 289 | 10.15% | 1,262 | 44.34% | 11 | 0.39% | 22[b] | 0.77% | 2,846 |
| Spotsylvania County | 1,326 | 60.69% | 586 | 26.82% | 169 | 7.73% | 104 | 4.76% | 740 | 33.87% | 2,185 |
| Stafford County | 1,719 | 55.98% | 1,117 | 36.37% | 97 | 3.16% | 138 | 4.49% | 602 | 19.60% | 3,071 |
| Surry County | 472 | 27.60% | 606 | 35.44% | 623 | 36.43% | 9 | 0.53% | -17[c] | -0.99% | 1,710 |
| Sussex County | 931 | 35.08% | 584 | 22.00% | 1,130 | 42.58% | 9 | 0.34% | -199[b] | -7.50% | 2,654 |
| Tazewell County | 2,736 | 54.10% | 2,153 | 42.57% | 111 | 2.19% | 57 | 1.13% | 583 | 11.53% | 5,057 |
| Warren County | 1,490 | 58.78% | 903 | 35.62% | 109 | 4.30% | 33 | 1.30% | 587 | 23.16% | 2,535 |
| Washington County | 2,642 | 48.02% | 2,772 | 50.38% | 40 | 0.73% | 48 | 0.87% | -130 | -2.36% | 5,502 |
| Westmoreland County | 509 | 53.69% | 314 | 33.12% | 108 | 11.39% | 17 | 1.79% | 195 | 20.57% | 948 |
| Wise County | 3,175 | 58.81% | 2,186 | 40.49% | 15 | 0.28% | 23 | 0.43% | 989 | 18.32% | 5,399 |
| Wythe County | 1,932 | 48.24% | 1,844 | 46.04% | 186 | 4.64% | 43 | 1.07% | 88 | 2.20% | 4,005 |
| York County | 1,435 | 46.88% | 1,289 | 42.11% | 287 | 9.38% | 50 | 1.63% | 146 | 4.77% | 3,061 |
| Alexandria City | 5,077 | 47.22% | 5,269 | 49.00% | 283 | 2.63% | 122 | 1.13% | -192 | -1.79% | 10,751 |
| Bristol City | 1,156 | 61.46% | 710 | 37.75% | 12 | 0.64% | 3 | 0.16% | 446 | 23.71% | 1,881 |
| Buena Vista City | 501 | 57.39% | 310 | 35.51% | 57 | 6.53% | 5 | 0.57% | 191 | 21.88% | 873 |
| Charlottesville City | 2,705 | 50.36% | 1,997 | 37.18% | 613 | 11.41% | 56 | 1.04% | 708 | 13.18% | 5,371 |
| Chesapeake City | 5,124 | 47.82% | 2,124 | 19.82% | 3,353 | 31.29% | 114 | 1.06% | 1,771[b] | 16.53% | 10,715 |
| Clifton Forge City | 761 | 56.25% | 483 | 35.70% | 95 | 7.02% | 14 | 1.03% | 278 | 20.55% | 1,353 |
| Colonial Heights City | 1,088 | 42.75% | 604 | 23.73% | 833 | 32.73% | 20 | 0.79% | 255[b] | 10.02% | 2,545 |
| Covington City | 1,273 | 61.44% | 669 | 32.29% | 101 | 4.87% | 29 | 1.40% | 604 | 29.15% | 2,072 |
| Danville City | 2,420 | 45.08% | 1,247 | 23.23% | 1,651 | 30.76% | 50 | 0.93% | 769[b] | 14.33% | 5,368 |
| Fairfax City | 1,006 | 49.07% | 962 | 46.93% | 67 | 3.27% | 15 | 0.73% | 44 | 2.15% | 2,050 |
| Falls Church City | 980 | 45.73% | 1,090 | 50.86% | 54 | 2.52% | 19 | 0.89% | -110 | -5.13% | 2,143 |
| Franklin City | 838 | 59.43% | 246 | 17.45% | 317 | 22.48% | 9 | 0.64% | 521[b] | 36.95% | 1,410 |
| Fredericksburg City | 1,584 | 58.86% | 962 | 35.75% | 104 | 3.86% | 41 | 1.52% | 622 | 23.11% | 2,691 |
| Galax City | 634 | 49.65% | 592 | 46.36% | 47 | 3.68% | 4 | 0.31% | 42 | 3.29% | 1,277 |
| Hampton City | 5,205 | 51.81% | 4,025 | 40.07% | 724 | 7.21% | 92 | 0.92% | 1,180 | 11.75% | 10,046 |
| Harrisonburg City | 1,122 | 46.13% | 1,245 | 51.19% | 50 | 2.06% | 15 | 0.62% | -123 | -5.06% | 2,432 |
| Hopewell City | 2,262 | 56.96% | 1,109 | 27.93% | 551 | 13.88% | 49 | 1.23% | 1,153 | 29.04% | 3,971 |
| Lynchburg City | 3,864 | 43.80% | 3,422 | 38.79% | 1,422 | 16.12% | 112 | 1.27% | 442 | 5.01% | 8,820 |
| Martinsville City | 1,581 | 52.11% | 1,168 | 38.50% | 257 | 8.47% | 28 | 0.92% | 413 | 13.61% | 3,034 |
| Newport News City | 7,264 | 56.30% | 4,405 | 34.14% | 1,059 | 8.21% | 174 | 1.35% | 2,859 | 22.16% | 12,902 |
| Norfolk City | 12,419 | 52.74% | 7,315 | 31.07% | 3,663 | 15.56% | 150 | 0.64% | 5,104 | 21.68% | 23,547 |
| Norton City | 343 | 48.79% | 355 | 50.50% | 1 | 0.14% | 4 | 0.57% | -12 | -1.71% | 703 |
| Petersburg City | 2,790 | 58.72% | 897 | 18.88% | 1,047 | 22.04% | 17 | 0.36% | 1,743[b] | 36.69% | 4,751 |
| Portsmouth City | 7,206 | 60.28% | 2,639 | 22.08% | 1,997 | 16.71% | 112 | 0.94% | 4,567 | 38.20% | 11,954 |
| Radford City | 1,307 | 47.42% | 1,335 | 48.44% | 97 | 3.52% | 17 | 0.62% | -28 | -1.02% | 2,756 |
| Richmond City | 18,032 | 55.27% | 8,798 | 26.97% | 5,613 | 17.21% | 180 | 0.55% | 9,234 | 28.31% | 32,623 |
| Roanoke City | 5,888 | 35.12% | 9,947 | 59.33% | 816 | 4.87% | 114 | 0.68% | -4,059 | -24.21% | 16,765 |
| South Boston City | 490 | 46.85% | 323 | 30.88% | 224 | 21.41% | 9 | 0.86% | 167 | 15.97% | 1,046 |
| Staunton City | 2,062 | 50.51% | 1,804 | 44.19% | 173 | 4.24% | 43 | 1.05% | 258 | 6.32% | 4,082 |
| Suffolk City | 1,453 | 71.05% | 382 | 18.68% | 204 | 9.98% | 5 | 0.24% | 1,071 | 52.37% | 2,044 |
| Virginia Beach City | 6,224 | 54.43% | 3,718 | 32.51% | 1,445 | 12.64% | 48 | 0.42% | 2,506 | 21.92% | 11,435 |
| Waynesboro City | 1,275 | 43.80% | 1,499 | 51.49% | 116 | 3.98% | 21 | 0.72% | -224 | -7.69% | 2,911 |
| Williamsburg City | 479 | 45.40% | 483 | 45.78% | 85 | 8.06% | 8 | 0.76% | -4 | -0.38% | 1,055 |
| Winchester City | 1,100 | 59.91% | 675 | 36.76% | 49 | 2.67% | 12 | 0.65% | 425 | 23.15% | 1,836 |
| Totals | 269,526 | 47.89% | 212,207 | 37.71% | 75,307 | 13.38% | 5,730 | 1.02% | 57,319 | 10.18% | 562,770 |
Notes
[edit]- ^ This is less than half the estimated black vote in the state in the 1964 presidential election, more than ninety-five percent of which went to Democrat Lyndon Johnson.[2]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae In this county or city where Holton ran third behind Godwin and Story, margin given is Godwin vote minus Story vote and percentage margin Godwin percentage minus Story percentage.
- ^ a b c In this county or city where Godwin ran third behind both Holton and Story, margin given is Holton vote minus Story vote and percentage margin Holton percentage minus Story percentage.
References
[edit]- ^ a b Topping, John C. (1966). Southern Republicanism and the New South. pp. 122–127.
- ^ Davidson, Chandler; Grofman, Bernard (1994). Quiet revolution in the South: the impact of the Voting rights act, 1965-1990. pp. 275–276. ISBN 0691032475.
- ^ Schmaltz, William H. (2000). Hate: George Lincoln Rockwell and the American Nazi Party. Washington, D.C.: Brassey's. p. 249. ISBN 978-1-57488-262-9.
- ^ Simonelli 1999, p. 98.
- ^ Schmaltz 2000, p. 247.
- ^ Schmaltz 2000, pp. 247–248.
- ^ "What Rockwell Will Do As Governor [Rockwell for Governor Campaign leaflet]".
- ^ a b c Schmaltz 2000, p. 264.
- ^ Simonelli 1999, p. 99.
- ^ Hunter, Jack R. "Linwood Holton's long quest for the governorship of Virginia and its impact on the growth of the Republican Party". University of Richmond.
- ^ "VA Governor November 02, 1965". Our Campaigns.