In nominator Gog's words, "The Hundred Years' War is less than four years old and the English king, Edward III, seizes an opportunity to intervene in French internal affairs. There are difficulties assembling shipping and English forces dribble into Brittainy. Amazingly all goes passably well until it doesn't. At which point Edward manages, somehow, to negotiate a favourable truce and leave French territory after less than four months."
The Gun Laying radar was an early radar system developed by the British Army to provide range information to anti-aircraft artillery. It was developed during the 1930s and entered service in 1939. It proved successful, and improved variants remained in service until the 1950s. An amusing aspect is that the construction of mesh platforms for the system in late 1940 used up the UK's entire stock of chicken wire.
Gog's second FA last month, this article covers a brutal siege fought between Carthaginian and rebel forces during the Mercenary War in October 238 BC. Tunis was the strongest remaining stronghold of the rebel forces. Both sides committed atrocities, including crucifixion. While the rebels won the battle, they were wiped out in another battle later that year.
Another in Zawed's long-running series on New Zealand-born flying aces of World War II, Stenborg enlisted in the RNZAF during 1940 and underwent flying training in NZ and Canada in 1940 and 1941. He arrived in the UK in September 1941 and was soon flying fighters over France. In June 1942 Stenborg was transferred to Malta, remaining there until August. He was killed in September 1943 during an operation over France. Stenborg is credited with having destroyed fifteen aircraft, one of which was shared with other pilots, and damaging three others.
The AN/APS-20 was an airborne early warning, anti-submarine, maritime surveillance and weather radar developed in the United States in the 1940s. Entering service in 1945, it served for nearly half a century, finally being retired in 1991. The radar was developed to be carried by aircraft to extend the sensor range of ships by placing a radar at altitude. Although developed for carrier-borne operation, first being installed in the single-engine General Motors TBM-3W Avenger, it was also used in larger four-engine airframes. In their nomination statement Simongraham noted that "radars have insufficient coverage in the encyclopedia".
Continuing Hawkeye7's prolific work on American astronauts, Carpenter was also naval officer and aviator, test pilot, aeronautical engineer, and aquanaut. He enlisted in the US Navy in 1943 but did not complete training before the end of World War II. He re-joined the service in 1949 and completed flight training, serving in maritime patrol units before becoming a test pilot. Carpenter was selected as one of the Mercury Seven astronauts in 1959. During the Mercury-Atlas 7 mission on 24 May 1962 he became the second American to orbit the Earth and the fourth American in space. Two years later Carpenter volunteered for the SEALAB project, during which he incurred injuries that ruled him out from further space flights. He retired from NASA in 1967 and from the Navy in 1969.
Varuna was a merchant ship under constructed when the US military bought it in December 1861 for use on the blockade during the American Civil War. At the Battle of Forts Jackson and St. Philip on 24 April 1862, Varuna got ahead of the other Union ships and was involved in a bloody fight with Governor Moore, a gunboat operated by the state of Louisiana. Governor Moore rammed Varuna twice, and a third blow from another Confederate vessel (sources disagree as to which one) was enough to sink her. Clive Cussler found her remains in the 1980s, by then mostly under the riverbank.
A US government plan to attach nuclear ramjet engines to cruise missiles that would evade all contemporary defenses and could be recalled if needed. It ran from 1957 to 1964 and was cancelled due to the rise of Intercontinental Ballistic Missile technology and the risk of a long line of radioactive contamination between the launch site and the target.
About The Bugle
First published in 2006, the Bugle is the monthly newsletter of the English Wikipedia's Military history WikiProject.
Air Chief Marshal Arthur Tedder in December 1943 by a British Official Photographer
The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, by the 88th US Congress et al.
