Tongguan County
Tongguan County
潼关县 Tungkwan, T'ung-kuan | |
|---|---|
 Tongguan | |
 Tongguan in Weinan | |
.png) Weinan in Shaanxi | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Shaanxi |
| Prefecture-level city | Weinan |
| Area | |
• Total | 526 km2 (203 sq mi) |
| Population (2018) | |
• Total | 154,200 |
| • Density | 290/km2 (760/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal Code | 714300 |
| Website | http://www.tongguan.gov.cn/ |
| Tongguan | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 潼關 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 潼关 | ||||||||
| Postal | Tungkwan | ||||||||
| Literal meaning | High Pass | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Tongguan County (alternately romanized as Tungkwan[a]) is a county in the east of Shaanxi province, China, administered as part of the prefecture-level city of Weinan. It is named after the Tong Pass, a historical fortress located south of the confluence of the Wei and Yellow Rivers. It is the southeastern corner of the Ordos Loop, the point at which the Qin Mountains turn the Yellow River sharply eastward, forcing it into the North China Plain, and borders the provinces of Shanxi to the north and Henan to the east.
Administrative divisions
[edit]Tongguan County is divided to 5 towns and 1 townships.[2]
- Towns
- Townships
- Anle (安乐乡)
Economy
[edit]Tongguan County is rich in gold. Located in the Qinling Mountain region, it is estimated to have more than 110 metric tons of gold deposits. Mining and related activities account for over 70% of the local economy.[3]
Since the early 2000s, financial institutions in Tongguan, including rural credit cooperatives, began offering gold-backed loans, leveraging the county’s gold reserves. By 2016, more than 83% of the 1.5 billion yuan in loans issued by the Tongguan Rural Credit Cooperative were secured with gold collateral, contributing significantly to local lending income.[3]
Tongguan was also the center of one of the largest gold collateral fraud cases in China, involving up to 46 tons of adulterated gold and affecting more than 19 local lenders. The incident had a lasting impact on regional financial stability and led to regulatory reforms and criminal prosecutions.[3]
Climate
[edit]| Climate data for Tongguan, elevation 542 m (1,778 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 14.3 (57.7) |
21.1 (70.0) |
28.6 (83.5) |
35.8 (96.4) |
38.0 (100.4) |
40.2 (104.4) |
38.9 (102.0) |
38.5 (101.3) |
38.5 (101.3) |
31.0 (87.8) |
23.2 (73.8) |
18.8 (65.8) |
40.2 (104.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 4.1 (39.4) |
8.6 (47.5) |
15.0 (59.0) |
21.7 (71.1) |
26.7 (80.1) |
30.9 (87.6) |
31.7 (89.1) |
29.9 (85.8) |
25.0 (77.0) |
19.0 (66.2) |
11.9 (53.4) |
5.6 (42.1) |
19.2 (66.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −0.2 (31.6) |
3.6 (38.5) |
9.5 (49.1) |
15.9 (60.6) |
20.9 (69.6) |
25.3 (77.5) |
26.7 (80.1) |
25.0 (77.0) |
20.3 (68.5) |
14.4 (57.9) |
7.4 (45.3) |
1.4 (34.5) |
14.2 (57.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −3.3 (26.1) |
0.1 (32.2) |
5.3 (41.5) |
11.1 (52.0) |
15.9 (60.6) |
20.4 (68.7) |
22.5 (72.5) |
21.2 (70.2) |
16.6 (61.9) |
10.8 (51.4) |
4.0 (39.2) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
10.2 (50.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −13.1 (8.4) |
−9.3 (15.3) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
5.2 (41.4) |
12.0 (53.6) |
16.5 (61.7) |
13.2 (55.8) |
7.0 (44.6) |
0.5 (32.9) |
−8.7 (16.3) |
−14.0 (6.8) |
−14.0 (6.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 7.6 (0.30) |
10.4 (0.41) |
19.8 (0.78) |
39.2 (1.54) |
64.5 (2.54) |
65.7 (2.59) |
114.2 (4.50) |
95.4 (3.76) |
92.7 (3.65) |
54.2 (2.13) |
24.3 (0.96) |
5.3 (0.21) |
593.3 (23.37) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 4.2 | 4.1 | 5.3 | 7.3 | 8.8 | 8.1 | 10.7 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 8.6 | 6.0 | 3.2 | 87.3 |
| Average snowy days | 5.0 | 3.8 | 1.6 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.9 | 3.2 | 15.7 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 56 | 56 | 53 | 54 | 54 | 56 | 68 | 72 | 71 | 68 | 65 | 58 | 61 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 146.5 | 148.8 | 187.2 | 211.9 | 221.0 | 222.6 | 226.4 | 208.3 | 164.3 | 154.0 | 143.5 | 153.6 | 2,188.1 |
| Percentage possible sunshine | 47 | 48 | 50 | 54 | 51 | 51 | 52 | 51 | 45 | 44 | 47 | 51 | 49 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[4][5] | |||||||||||||
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Baynes, T. S., ed. (1878), , Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 5 (9th ed.), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons
- ^ "潼关县-行政区划网(区划地名网) www.xzqh.org". www.xzqh.org. Retrieved 2016-11-12.
- ^ a b c Hui, Xiao; Han Wei (21 October 2019). "In Depth: How $2.7 Billion of Fake Gold Tarnished Local Lending". Caixin Global. Retrieved 19 April 2025.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
External links
[edit]- (in Chinese) Official website
34°29′11″N 110°15′49″E / 34.48639°N 110.26361°E
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| National | |
