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Metropolitan area

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"Metro area" redirects here. For the dance music duo, see Metro Area.
For similar concepts, see Metropolis and Conurbation.

A metropolitan area or metro is a region consisting of a densely populated urban agglomeration and its surrounding territories which share industries, commercial areas, transport network, infrastructures and housing.[1][2] A metropolitan area usually comprises multiple principal cities, jurisdictions and municipalities: neighborhoods, townships, boroughs, cities, towns, exurbs, suburbs, counties, districts and even states and nations in areas like the eurodistricts. As social, economic and political institutions have changed, metropolitan areas have become key economic and political regions.[3]

Satellite image of the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the United States and one of the largest in the world, with Long Island in the east and Manhattan at the center of the densest part of the image

Metropolitan areas in the United States are delineated around the core of a core based statistical area which is defined as an urban area, (this is different than the urban core) and consists of central and outlying counties, as the terms central city and suburb are no longer used by the census bureau due to suburbanization of employment.[4][5][6] In other countries metropolitan areas are sometimes anchored by one central city such as the Paris metropolitan area (Paris). In other cases, metropolitan areas contain multiple centers of equal or close to equal importance, especially in the United States; for example, the Dallas–Fort Worth metropolitan area has eight principal cities. The Islamabad–Rawalpindi metropolitan area in Pakistan, the Rhine-Ruhr in Germany, and the Randstad in The Netherlands are other examples.[7]

In the United States, the concept of metropolitan statistical areas has gained prominence. The area of the Greater Washington metropolitan area is an example of statistically grouping independent cities and county areas from various states to form a larger city because of proximity, history and recent urban convergence. Metropolitan areas may themselves be part of a greater megalopolis. For urban centres located outside metropolitan areas that generate a similar attraction at a smaller scale for a region, the concept of a regiopolis and a respective regiopolitan area, or regio, was introduced by German professors in 2006.[8] In the United States, the term micropolitan statistical area is used.

Definition

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A metropolitan area usually includes a main city and a series of smaller satellite cities as can be seen in this map of Madrid's metropolitan area (click on the map to enlarge it).

A metropolitan area combines an urban agglomeration with the contiguous built-up areas, which are not necessarily urban in character but are closely bound to the center by employment or other commerce. These outlying zones are sometimes known as a commuter belt and may extend well beyond the urban zone to other political entities. For example, East Hampton, New York, on Long Island is considered part of the New York metropolitan area.

In 2020, the European Commission, the Food and Agriculture Organization, the United Nations Human Settlements Programme, the International Labour Organization, the OECD, and the World Bank have agreed on a common methodological framework for delimitation of urban and rural areas, which contains a definition of metropolitan areas called the Functional urban area.[9] It is defined as a city and its commuting zone, which is a contiguous area of spatial units that have at least 15% of their employed residents working in the city.[10]

In practice, the parameters of metropolitan areas, in both official and unofficial usage, are not consistent. Sometimes they are little different from an urban area, and in other cases, they cover broad regions that have little relation to a single urban settlement; comparative statistics for metropolitan areas should take this into account. The term metropolitan can also refer to a county-level municipal government structure, with some shared services between a central city and its suburbs, which may or may not include the entirety of a metropolitan area. Population figures given for one metro area can vary by millions.

There has been no significant change in the basic concept of metropolitan areas since its adoption in 1950,[11] although significant changes in geographic distributions have occurred since then, and more are expected.[12] Because of the fluidity of the term "metropolitan statistical area", the term used colloquially is more often "metro service area", "metro area", or "MSA", taken to include not only a city but also the surrounding suburban, exurban and sometimes rural areas, all of which the city is presumed to influence. A polycentric metropolitan area contains multiple urban agglomerations not connected by continuous development. In defining a metropolitan area, it is sufficient that a city or cities form a nucleus with which other areas have a high degree of integration.

A metropolitan area is commonly known and characterized by a high concentration in service sector labor and enterprises.[13][14] Macroeconomics views metropolitan areas as trade regions of economic significance.[15]

Since, presently, urban data are based on arbitrary definitions that vary from country to country and from year or census to the next, making them difficult to compare, an Urban Metric System (UMS) has been conceived that could correct the problem,[16] since it allows computing the urban area limits and central points, and it can be applied in the same way to all past, present and future population and job distributions. It is based on vector field calculations obtained by assuming that, in a given space, all inhabitants and jobs exert the same attractive force A and repulsive force R. The net force (A - R) exerted by each inhabitant or job is given by [1/(1 + d)] - [1/( β + d/2)], where d = distance and β is the only parameter. UMS distinguishes the following types of urban areas, each type corresponding to a given value of β:

Urban area Distance at which the attractive force = the repulsive force Value of β
1 Central city 10 km 6
2 Agglomeration 20 km 11
3 Metropolis 40 km 21
4 Patropolis 80 km 41
5 Megalopolis 160 km 81
6 Urban system 320 km 161
7 Urban macrosystem 640 km 321
8 Continental system 1,280 km 641
9 Intercontinental system 2,560 km 1,281
10 World system 5,120 km 2,561

UMS has been applied to some Canadian cases since 2018, but the data presented in this article are still based on the various existing national definitions, which are disparate.

Africa

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Algeria

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  • Algiers Metropolitan Area

The Algiers Metropolitan Area consists of four provinces: Tipaza, Blida, Algiers, and Boumerdès. It spans approximately 5,726 km² and had a population of 5,384,175 as of the 2008 census.[17] Projections estimate that the population may exceed 9 million.

The area is served by a modern railway system, the Algiers Tramway,[18] and the Algiers Metro.[19] There are plans to expand public transport to the surrounding provinces of Tipaza and Boumerdès.

Notable urban and suburban areas include Sidi Abdellah and Hydra. Major commercial and industrial zones are located in Reghaïa and Ouled Hedadj. The metropolitan area is also home to key maritime trade infrastructure, including the Port of Algiers and the planned Port of El Hamdania.

  • Sétif–Constantine Metropolitan Area

The Sétif–Constantine Metropolitan Area includes seven provinces: Sétif, Béjaïa, Bordj Bou Arréridj, Mila, Constantine, Skikda, and Annaba. It covers an area of approximately 24,946 km² and had a population of 6,238,698. Current estimates suggest the population may be closer to 8 million.

The region is connected by a national rail system, and major cities such as Constantine and Sétif have operational tramway networks.[20] Tramway projects are also planned for Béjaïa and Annaba.

This metropolitan area hosts several of the largest commercial and industrial zones in North Africa, including El Eulma, Chelghoum Laïd, El Hadjar, and Akbou. Major urban centers include Sétif city, Constantine city, El Khroub, Béjaïa, and Annaba. The area also encompasses important agricultural zones, particularly in Béjaïa and Bordj Bou Arréridj.

Key maritime ports serving the region include the Port of Béjaïa, Port of Annaba, and Port of Skikda.

  • Oran Metropolitan Area

The Oran Metropolitan Area comprises seven provinces: Oran, Aïn Témouchent, Mostaganem, Tlemcen, Sidi Bel Abbès, Mascara, and Relizane. It covers a total area of 35,643 km² and had a population of approximately 5,757,096, with estimates indicating a population nearing 7 million.

The region is served by a high-speed rail line linking Oran, Sidi Bel Abbès, and Tlemcen,[21] as well as modern rail connections between other provinces. Tramway systems are currently operational in Oran,[22] Sidi Bel Abbès,[23] and Mostaganem.[24] Expansion projects are planned for Mascara, Relizane, and Tlemcen.[25]

Notable urban and suburban centers include Oran city, Sidi Bel Abbès, Tlemcen, and Mostaganem. The area includes major industrial zones such as Es Sénia, Tafraoui, Hassi Mamèche, and Sig.

The region is also home to several key maritime ports, including the Port of Oran, Port of Mostaganem, Port of Ghazaouet, and Port of Béni Saf. Significant agricultural activity takes place in Mascara, Relizane, and the eastern parts of Mostaganem.

Botswana

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Urban population rate: 68% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Comoros

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Urban population rate: 33% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Fomboni Metropolitan Area: 236,188
  • Moroni Metropolitan Area: 175,832

Egypt

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Urban population rate: 47% (2015)

Name Population Year Notes
Cairo Metropolitan Area 20,035,086 2015
Alexandria Metropolitan Area 5,532,976
Al Fayyum Metropolitan Area 1,369,514
Luxor Metropolitan Area 1,263,645
Al Mansurah Metropolitan Area 1,073,697
Asyut Metropolitan Area 983,785
Sawhaj Metropolitan Area 978,161
Az Zaqazig Metropolitan Area 924,760
Jirja Metropolitan Area 873,425
Dumyat Metropolitan Area 847,229
Al Mahallah Metropolitan Area 835,072
Tanta Metropolitan Area 779,681
Bur Said Metropolitan Area 646,209
Al Qurayn Metropolitan Area 633,194
Al Ismailiyah Metropolitan Area 599,110
Banha Metropolitan Area 594,814
Al Minya Metropolitan Area 572,386
As Suways Metropolitan Area 499,891
Bani Suwayf Metropolitan Area 479,649
Al Qusiyah Metropolitan Area 474,894
Qus Metropolitan Area 470,911
Damanhur Metropolitan Area 444,065
Al Balyana Metropolitan Area 442,816
Mit Ghamr Metropolitan Area 441,800
Tuh Metropolitan Area 425,706
Shebin el Kom Metropolitan Area 419,348
Mallawi Metropolitan Area 411,534
Manfalut Metropolitan Area 388,756
Tima Metropolitan Area 357,977
Aswan Metropolitan Area 329,229
Farshut Metropolitan Area 327,342
Abu Al Juhur Metropolitan Area 312,990
Faqus Metropolitan Area 305,082
Al Matariyah Metropolitan Area 293,641
Kafr Ashshaykh Metropolitan Area 286,873
Tuwah Bani Ibrahim Metropolitan Area 282,110
Al Maraghah Metropolitan Area 276,323
Disuq Metropolitan Area 263,931
Al Ismailiyah Metropolitan Area 261,107
Kafr Az Zayyat Metropolitan Area 249,716
Ashmun Metropolitan Area 240,116
Minuf Metropolitan Area 230,547
Quwaysina Metropolitan Area 227,213
Tahta Metropolitan Area 224,338
Tala Metropolitan Area 215,128
Qina Metropolitan Area 208,319
Armant Metropolitan Area 206,411
Fuwah Metropolitan Area 203,506
Rasid Metropolitan Area 199,755
Minyat Al Qamb Metropolitan Area 193,935
Akhmim Metropolitan Area 191,684
Zawiyat Barmasha Metropolitan Area 191,065
Samalut Metropolitan Area 176,978
Jirzah Metropolitan Area 175,687
Marsha Matruh Metropolitan Area 170,798
As Sinbillawayn Metropolitan Area 170,695
Al Wasitah Metropolitan Area 170,140
Sirsal Layyanah Metropolitan Area 165,983
7th October City Metropolitan Area 163,097
Juhanyah Metropolitan Area 160,046
Bani Mazar Metropolitan Area 148,488
Maghaghah Metropolitan Area 148,200
Shirbin Metropolitan Area 145,612
Abu Kabir Metropolitan Area 141,947
As Saff Metropolitan Area 134,766
Kafr Al Haddadin Metropolitan Area 131,937
Al Badari Metropolitan Area 130,359
Abu Qurqas Metropolitan Area 127,764
Al Ayat Metropolitan Area 126,244
Mit as Siraj Metropolitan Area 124,611
Isna Metropolitan Area 124,582
Abu Tij Metropolitan Area 122,602
Idku Metropolitan Area 114,896
Kafr Al Wasushah Metropolitan Area 113,797
Qusayr Bakhanis Metropolitan Area 112,927
Ityayal Barud Metropolitan Area 111,355
Abnub Metropolitan Area 110,639
Nawaj Metropolitan Area 109,113
Al Anayim Metropolitan Area 108,623
Al Ghanayim Metropolitan Area 107,890
Diyarb Najm Metropolitan Area 105,659
Salwa Qibli Metropolitan Area 101,726

Eswatini

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Urban population rate: 28% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Lesotho

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Urban population rate: 36% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Maseru Metropolitan Area: 296,516

Madagascar

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Urban population rate: 38% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Mauritius

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Urban population rate: 50% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Namibia

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Urban population rate: 46% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

South Africa

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The Greater Johannesburg metropolitan area is the fourth largest metropolitan area in South Africa. Its population was over 9.6 million as of the 2011 South Africa Census, in contrast to its urban area, which consisted of approximately 7.9 million inhabitants as of 2011. Conversely, metropolitan municipalities in South Africa are defined as commonly governed areas of a metropolitan area. The largest such metropolitan municipal government entity in South Africa is the City of Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality, which presided over nearly 5 million people as of 2016. However, the Greater Johannesburg metropolitan area houses roughly ten times the population of its core municipal city of Johannesburg, which contained 957,441 people as of the 2011 census.

Asia

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Afghanistan

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Urban population rate: 29% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Population
Kabul Metropolitan Area 6,254,679
Herat Metropolitan Area 1,489,156
Kandahar Metropolitan Area 872,755
Mazar i Sharif Metropolitan Area 465,528
Jalalabad Metropolitan Area 417,828
Puli Khumri Metropolitan Area 214,258
Laskar Gah Metropolitan Area 207,569
Qunduz Metropolitan Area 190,793
Charikar Metropolitan Area 177,152
Taloqan Metropolitan Area 162,418
Sibargan Metropolitan Area 131,716
Farah Metropolitan Area 122,843

Armenia

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Urban population rate: 70% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Azerbaijan

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Urban population rate: 60% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Bahrain

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Urban population rate: 23% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Bangladesh

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In Bangladesh, the large population centres which have significant financial, political and administrative importance are considered to be as Metropolitan cities, which are governed by City Corporations. In total, there are 12 city corporations in Bangladesh.[28] 4 of them (Dhaka North City Corporation, Dhaka South City Corporation, Narayanganj City Corporation, Gazipur City Corporation) are part of Dhaka Metropolitan Area.

Cambodia

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Urban population rate: 26% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

China

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In China, there used to be no clear distinction between megalopolis (城市群, lit. city cluster) and metropolitan area (都市圈) until National Development and Reform Commission issued Guidelines on the Cultivation and Development of Modern Metropolitan Areas (关于培育发展现代化都市圈的指导意见) on Feb 19, 2019, in which a metropolitan area was defined as "an urbanized spatial form in a megalopolis dominated by (a) supercity(-ies) or megacity(-ies), or a large metropolis playing a leading part, and within the basic range of 1-hour commute area."[29]

Data are referred to borders determined by Sino-British Joint Declaration (1984), Sino-Portugal Joint Declaration (1987) and later agreements with countries that share a land border with China or influenced by disputes in the sea where China faces (see Territorial disputes focus).

Urban population rate: 57% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Province/Autonomous region/Municipality/SAR Population
Nenjiang Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 140,203
Beian Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 106,291
Hulanergi Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 180,724
Qiqihar Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 880,401
Hailun Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 131,625
Suileng Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 118,062
Hegang Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 526,931
Fujin Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 136,235
Shuangyashan Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 210,959
Jiamusi Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 660,888
Suihua Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 248,077
Daqing Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 1,049,903
Zhaodong Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 272,080
Qitaihe Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 458,945
Mishan Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 107,631
Jixi Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 507,651
Harbin Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 4,441,336
Acheng Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 243,479
Shuangcheng Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 186,835
Shangzhi Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 116,851
Wuchang Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 134,640
Mudanjiang Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 760,143
Suifenhe Metropolitan Area Heilongjiang 107,582
Baicheng Metropolitan Area Jilin 288,896
Taonan Metropolitan Area Jilin 122,973
Daan Metropolitan Area Jilin 134,202
Fuyu Metropolitan Area Jilin 487,550
Yushu Metropolitan Area Jilin 189,349
Shulan Metropolitan Area Jilin 200,866
Dehui Metropolitan Area Jilin 152,930
Jiutai Metropolitan Area Jilin 127,023
Changchun Metropolitan Area Jilin 3,424,261
Gongzhuling Metropolitan Area Jilin 188,002
Siping Metropolitan Area Jilin 494,103
Shuangyang Metropolitan Area Jilin 106,312
Jilin Metropolitan Area Jilin 1,501,500
Jiaohe Metropolitan Area Jilin 137,749
Dunhua Metropolitan Area Jilin 221,907
Liaoyuan Metropolitan Area Jilin 374,651
Huadian Metropolitan Area Jilin 134,283
Huinan Metropolitan Area Jilin 105,818
Meihekou Metropolitan Area Jilin 238,275
Tonghua Metropolitan Area Jilin 313,603
Jian Metropolitan Area Jilin 174,362
Baishan Metropolitan Area Jilin 273,627
Linjiang Metropolitan Area Jilin 109,941
Changbai Metropolitan Area Jilin 228,143
Yanji Metropolitan Area Jilin 469,217
Tumen Metropolitan Area Jilin 104,826
Hunchun Metropolitan Area Jilin 128,152
Kaiyuan Metropolitan Area Liaoning 239,064
Tiefa Metropolitan Area Liaoning 142,100
Zhangwu Metropolitan Area Liaoning 140,185
Tieling Metropolitan Area Liaoning 194,020
Xinmin Metropolitan Area Liaoning 163,541
Shenyang Metropolitan Area (Shenyang + Fushun) Liaoning 6,718,611
Fuxin Metropolitan Area Liaoning 677,455
Heishan Metropolitan Area Liaoning 128,639
Jinzhou Metropolitan Area (Jinzhou + Linghai) Liaoning 947,725
Huludao Metropolitan Area Liaoning 514,586
Xingcheng Metropolitan Area Liaoning 143,237
Panjin Metropolitan Area Liaoning 698,676
Benxi Metropolitan Area Liaoning 843,798
Anshan Metropolitan Area (Anshan + Liaoyang) Liaoning 2,145,857
Haicheng Metropolitan Area Liaoning 374,899
Dashiqiao Metropolitan Area Liaoning 299,100
Yingkou Metropolitan Area Liaoning 492,161
Bayuquan Metropolitan Area Liaoning 395,999
Gaizhou Metropolitan Area Liaoning 197,547
Kuandian Metropolitan Area Liaoning 100,814
Fengcheng Metropolitan Area Liaoning 115,312
Xiuyan Metropolitan Area Liaoning 106,650
Dandong Metropolitan Area Liaoning 1,007,051
Donggang Metropolitan Area Liaoning 105,309
Zhuanghe Metropolitan Area Liaoning 136,269
Wafangdian Metropolitan Area Liaoning 279,945
Pulandian Metropolitan Area Liaoning 122,811
Dalian Metropolitan Area Liaoning 3,511,057
Beipiao Metropolitan Area Liaoning 122,527
Chaoyang Metropolitan Area Liaoning 474,460
Lingyuan Metropolitan Area Liaoning 176,317
Bayannur Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 304,036
Dongsheng Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 424,966
Baotou Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 2,171,436
Hohhot Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 1,881,076
Ulanqab Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 273,520
Pingzhuang Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 100,561
Chifeng Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 628,633
Xilingol Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 161,465
Tongliao Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 527,049
Hinggan Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 217,420
Zhalantun Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 116,426
Yakeshi Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 132,936
Hulunbuir Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 209,890
Jagdaqi Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 123,405
Manzhuoli Metropolitan Area Nei Menggu (Inner Mongolia) 103,618
Datong Metropolitan Area Shanxi 1,571,547
Huairen Metropolitan Area Shanxi 169,525
Hunyuan Metropolitan Area Shanxi 106,479
Shuozhou Metropolitan Area Shanxi 324,877
Yuanping Metropolitan Area Shanxi 126,746
Xinzhou Metropolitan Area Shanxi 229,257
Xingxian Metropolitan Area Shanxi 115,918
Yangquan Metropolitan Area Shanxi 580,875
Taiyuan Metropolitan Area (Taiyuan + Jinzhong) Shanxi 4,777,282
Gujiao Metropolitan Area Shanxi 172,353
Jiaocheng Metropolitan Area Shanxi 241,649
Wenshui Metropolitan Area Shanxi 118,494
Pingyao Metropolitan Area Shanxi 177,193
Fenyang Metropolitan Area Shanxi 126,193
Xiaoyi Metropolitan Area Shanxi 165,448
Jiexiu Metropolitan Area Shanxi 159,368
Luliang Metropolitan Area Shanxi 554,109
Liulin Metropolitan Area Shanxi 141,684
Huozhou Metropolitan Area Shanxi 134,636
Hongtong Metropolitan Area Shanxi 110,831
Linfen Metropolitan Area Shanxi 1,090,241
Lucheng Metropolitan Area Shanxi 103,558
Changzhi Metropolitan Area Shanxi 727,719
Gaoping Metropolitan Area Shanxi 350,483
Jincheng Metropolitan Area Shanxi 921,145
Yangcheng Metropolitan Area Shanxi 109,782
Houma Metropolitan Area Shanxi 319,376
Yongji Metropolitan Area Shanxi 151,148
Yuncheng Metropolitan Area Shanxi 687,353
Baode Metropolitan Area Shanxi 170,408
Shenmu Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 274,814
Yulin Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 510,159
Jingbian Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 138,912
Yanan Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 475,071
Hancheng Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 224,048
Chengcheng Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 100,864
Chengguan Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 197,762
Tongchuan Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 130,607
Hangkongjidi Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 126,962
Weinan Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 273,989
Guanzhong Conurbation (Xian + Xianyang + Xingping) Shaanxi 7,390,637
Baoji Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 773,901
Shangluo Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 110,703
Ankang Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 807,066
Hanzhong Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 371,212
Mianxian Metropolitan Area Shaanxi 131,027
Tianshui Metropolitan Area Gansu 735,294
Gangu Metropolitan Area Gansu 145,758
Longxi Metropolitan Area Gansu 141,596
Pingliang Metropolitan Area Gansu 461,066
Qingyang Metropolitan Area Gansu 201,936
Linxia Metropolitan Area Gansu 229,343
Lintao Metropolitan Area Gansu 110,642
Dingxi Metropolitan Area Gansu 110,323
Baiyin Metropolitan Area Gansu 222,677
Lanzhou Metropolitan Area Gansu 2,799,977
Wuwei Metropolitan Area Gansu 128,072
Jinchang Metropolitan Area Gansu 144,055
Zhangye Metropolitan Area Gansu 198,224
Jiuquan Metropolitan Area Gansu 181,625
Jiayuguan Metropolitan Area Gansu 199,681
Cizhou Metropolitan Area Hebei 131,025
Fengfeng Metropolitan Area Hebei 246,068
Linzhang Metropolitan Area Hebei 143,050
Handan Metropolitan Area Hebei 2,099,937
Wuan Metropolitan Area Hebei 185,361
Liuying Metropolitan Area Hebei 371,474
Xingtai Metropolitan Area Hebei 775,750
Wanggongzhuang Metropolitan Area Hebei 116,470
Fenghuang Metropolitan Area Hebei 125,190
Zhaozhou Metropolitan Area Hebei 120,149
Hengshui Metropolitan Area Hebei 348,778
Shijiazhuang Metropolitan Area Hebei 3,271,840
Xinle Metropolitan Area Hebei 115,941
Gaocheng Metropolitan Area Hebei 134,899
Jinzhou Metropolitan Area Hebei 122,665
Xinji Metropolitan Area Hebei 203,404
Dingzhou Metropolitan Area Hebei 241,199
Botou Metropolitan Area Hebei 181,728
Cangzhou Metropolitan Area Hebei 635,841
Baoding Metropolitan Area Hebei 1,251,379
Mancheng Metropolitan Area Hebei 122,317
Ansu Metropolitan Area Hebei 168,502
Hejian Metropolitan Area Hebei 103,189
Renqiu Metropolitan Area Hebei 180,982
Gaobeidian Metropolitan Area Hebei 247,926
Zhuozhou Metropolitan Area Hebei 199,207
Baigou Metropolitan Area Hebei 136,371
Bazhou Metropolitan Area Hebei 105,714
Tangerli Metropolitan Area Hebei 131,167
Guan Metropolitan Area Hebei 122,927
Jinghai Metropolitan Area Tianjin + Hebei 190,044
Tianjin Metropolitan Area Tianjin + Hebei 10,495,062
Baodi Metropolitan Area Tianjin + Hebei 266,910
Beijing Metropolitan Area Beijing + Hebei 21,031,565
Langfang Metropolitan Area Hebei 490,411
Qianwang Metropolitan Area Hebei 102,006
Jixian Metropolitan Area Hebei 164,804
Yutian Metropolitan Area Hebei 132,031
Xuanhua Metropolitan Area Hebei 334,936
Zhangjiakou Metropolitan Area Hebei 638,613
Tangshan Metropolitan Area Hebei 3,432,141
Zunhua Metropolitan Area Hebei 162,409
Changli Metropolitan Area Hebei 126,078
Qinhuangdao Metropolitan Area Hebei 727,667
Chengde Metropolitan Area Hebei 241,385
Xinyang Metropolitan Area Henan 399,077
Huangchuan Metropolitan Area Henan 170,282
Xixian Metropolitan Area Henan 113,279
Gushi Metropolitan Area Henan 220,275
Dengzhou Metropolitan Area Henan 1,095,052
Tanghe Metropolitan Area Henan 230,454
Nanyang Metropolitan Area Henan 768,610
Zhenping Metropolitan Area Henan 156,472
Xichuan Metropolitan Area Henan 127,044
Huiche Metropolitan Area Henan 110,130
Zhumadian Metropolitan Area Henan 405,959
Shangcai Metropolitan Area Henan 199,931
Xiping Metropolitan Area Henan 121,920
Luohe Metropolitan Area Henan 1,183,149
Xiangcheng Metropolitan Area Henan 257,291
Shenqiu Metropolitan Area Henan 114,048
Lingbao Metropolitan Area Henan 173,956
Sanmenxia Metropolitan Area Henan 288,771
Liuquan Metropolitan Area Henan 105,748
Yichuan Metropolitan Area Henan 145,126
Huiguozhen Metropolitan Area Henan 184,149
Mengzhou Metropolitan Area Henan 122,479
Dengfeng Metropolitan Area Henan 121,845
Ruzhou Metropolitan Area Henan 190,383
Zhangdian Metropolitan Area Henan 101,065
Pingdingshan Metropolitan Area Henan 703,405
Anliang Metropolitan Area Henan 104,351
Linying Metropolitan Area Henan 187,946
Xuchang Metropolitan Area (Xuchang + Changge) Henan 1,821,624
Yuzhou Metropolitan Area Henan 245,470
Yellow River conurbation (Zhengzhou + Luoyang + Kaifeng + Yanshi + Gongyi + Xingyang + Xinzheng) Henan 10,395,361
Zhoukou Metropolitan Area Henan 392,625
Huaiyang Metropolitan Area Henan 140,625
Dancheng Metropolitan Area Henan 112,306
Shangqiu Metropolitan Area Henan 779,507
Xinmi Metropolitan Area Henan 277,556
Laiji Metropolitan Area Henan 100,132
Yongcheng Metropolitan Area Henan 334,148
Jiyuan Metropolitan Area Henan 405,860
Jiaozuo Metropolitan Area (Jiaozuo + Boai) Henan 1,072,637
Huizian Metropolitan Area Henan 167,118
Xinxiang Metropolitan Area Henan 870,741
Changyuan Metropolitan Area Henan 212,986
Huaxian Metropolitan Area Henan 174,470
Puyang Metropolitan Area Henan 871,559
Hebi Metropolitan Area Henan 238,324
Huixian Metropolitan Area Henan 167,118
Linzhou Metropolitan Area Henan 133,999
Anyang Metropolitan Area (Anyang + Qugou) Henan 1,942,838
Guanqiaocun Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 171,335
Shengze Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 397,791
Weitang Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 323,164
Yixing Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 507,299
Liyang Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 258,046
Chunxi Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 148,414
Honglan Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 157,094
Jurong Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 212,225
Nanjing Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 8,061,029
Yizheng Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 193,319
Zhenjiang Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 750,237
Danyang Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 327,309
Jintan Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 254,626
Yangzhou Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 1,115,549
Jiepai Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 104,714
Yangzhong Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 248,444
Taixing Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 250,658
Taizhou Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 462,307
Jiangyan Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 253,327
Huangqiao Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 132,148
Haian Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 255,199
Rugao Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 176,577
Nantong Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 3,061,741
Juegang Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 151,848
Lusi Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 112,386
Qidong Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 233,887
Gaoyou Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 205,864
Xinghua Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 231,774
Zhongyaoba Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 134,581
Dongtai Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 272,911
Dafeng Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 151,776
Yancheng Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 1,211,454
Xucheng Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 112,431
Qingyang Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 200,896
Baoying Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 240,818
Jianhu Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 270,944
Honggang Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 108,059
Huaian Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 2,357,132
Hede Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 135,133
Zhuma Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 156,638
Zhongxing Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 158,299
Dongkan Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 209,833
Suqian Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 957,665
Suining Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 240,918
Shuyang Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 363,144
Xinan Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 137,817
Yishan Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 120,584
Lianyungang Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 1,188,320
Qingkou Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 199,916
Donghai Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 168,297
Xinyi Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 182,063
Pizhou Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 898,642
Xuzhou Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 1,552,140
Datun Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 280,967
Fengcheng Metropolitan Area Jiangsu 114,259
Yangtze Delta Conurbation (Shanghai + Suzhou + Changshu + Zhangjiagang + Jiangyin + Jingjiang + Changzhou + Wuxi) Shanghai + Jiangsu 50,578,473
Chongming Metropolitan Area Shanghai 135,058
Changxing Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 229,339
Huzhou Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 454,276
Pinghu Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 237,857
Haiyan Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 171,909
Jiaxing Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 1,019,544
Haining Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 242,761
Deqing Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 141,039
Dipu Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 178,292
Northern Zhejiang Conurbation (Hangzhou + Shaoxing + Cixi + Yuyao + Ningbo) Zhejiang 13,189,786
Linan Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 202,844
Fuyang Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 397,545
Tonglu Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 137,680
Jiande Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 119,497
Daping Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 106,638
Jiangshan Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 137,838
Quzhou Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 376,285
Lanxi Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 234,286
Jinhua Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 630,207
Yiwu Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 1,629,407
Zhuji Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 447,567
Yongkang Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 597,957
Lishui Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 266,877
Shengzhou Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 443,232
Shangyu Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 282,360
Fenghua Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 202,964
Zhoushan Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 467,378
Dancheng Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 170,259
Ninghai Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 264,584
Tiantai Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 145,705
Chengguan Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 143,074
Linhai Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 343,696
Taizhou Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 2,544,455
Yuhuan Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 475,380
Shuitou Metropolitan Area Zhejiang 104,545
Wenzhou Conurbation (Wenzhou + Longgang + Ruian + Yueqing) Zhejiang 7,555,974
Fuding Metropolitan Area Fujian 165,129
Fuan Metropolitan Area Fujian 160,484
Songcheng Metropolitan Area Fujian 129,786
Ningde Metropolitan Area Fujian 208,964
Nanping Metropolitan Area Fujian 162,435
Sanming Metropolitan Area Fujian 253,422
Fengcheng Metropolitan Area Fujian 139,051
Fuzhou Metropolitan Area Fujian 3,746,678
Yongan Metropolitan Area Fujian 138,080
Tingzhou Metropolitan Area Fujian 111,177
Fuqing Metropolitan Area Fujian 379,236
Jiangjing Metropolitan Area Fujian 162,937
Tangcheng Metropolitan Area Fujian 197,497
Putian Metropolitan Area Fujian 1,106,639
Fengting Metropolitan Area Fujian 169,488
Wangchuan Metropolitan Area Fujian 218,196
Luocheng [zh] Metropolitan Area Fujian 401,701
Taocheng Metropolitan Area Fujian 145,782
Bangtou Metropolitan Area Fujian 339,181
Longxun Metropolitan Area Fujian 158,318
Longyan Metropolitan Area Fujian 410,404
Quanzhou Metropolitan Area Fujian 4,009,700
Meishan Metropolitan Area Fujian 120,112
Nanan Metropolitan Area Fujian 118,623
Guanqiao Metropolitan Area Fujian 179,347
Xiamen Metropolitan Area (Xiamen + Zhangzhou) Fujian 5,333,178
Xiaoxi Metropolitan Area Fujian 102,593
Nanzhao Metropolitan Area Fujian 132,124
Yunling Metropolitan Area Fujian 124,307
Suian Metropolitan Area Fujian 106,629
Xucheng Metropolitan Area Guangdong 174,341
Leizhou Metropolitan Area Guangdong 334,786
Zhanjiang Metropolitan Area Guangdong 1,275,720
Lianjiang Metropolitan Area Guangdong 233,624
Huazhou Metropolitan Area Guangdong 149,680
Changqichun Metropolitan Area Guangdong 108,208
Wuchuan Metropolitan Area Guangdong 320,298
Maoming Metropolitan Area Guangdong 777,456
Dianbai Metropolitan Area Guangdong 144,053
Liantou Metropolitan Area Guangdong 112,955
Gaozhou Metropolitan Area Guangdong 245,670
Xinyi Metropolitan Area Guangdong 188,044
Yangxi Metropolitan Area Guangdong 106,092
Yangjiang Metropolitan Area Guangdong 445,968
Yangchun Metropolitan Area Guangdong 207,591
Enping Metropolitan Area Guangdong 186,156
Luoding Metropolitan Area Guangdong 224,474
Yunfu Metropolitan Area Guangdong 218,851
Xinxing Metropolitan Area Guangdong 142,366
Zhaoqing Metropolitan Area Guangdong 635,016
Huaiji Metropolitan Area Guangdong 106,623
Qingyuan Metropolitan Area Guangdong 587,780
Kaiping Metropolitan Area Guangdong 308,791
Danshuikou Metropolitan Area Guangdong 124,054
Taishan Metropolitan Area Guangdong 257,286
Doumen Metropolitan Area Guangdong 186,767
Lianzhou Metropolitan Area Guangdong 107,248
Shaoguan Metropolitan Area Guangdong 622,686
Yingde Metropolitan Area Guangdong 147,103
Shijiao Metropolitan Area Guangdong 100,425
Conghua Metropolitan Area Guangdong 189,903
Heyuan Metropolitan Area Guangdong 377,911
Laolong Metropolitan Area Guangdong 152,260
Zijin Metropolitan Area Guangdong 178,960
Huidong Metropolitan Area Guangdong 381,618
Haifeng Metropolitan Area Guangdong 327,326
Shanwei Metropolitan Area Guangdong 399,595
Lufeng Metropolitan Area Guangdong 281,116
Jieshi Metropolitan Area Guangdong 171,584
Jiazi Metropolitan Area Guangdong 161,983
Huilai Metropolitan Area Guangdong 515,710
Jiexi Metropolitan Area Guangdong 111,583
Xingning Metropolitan Area Guangdong 299,117
Shuizhai Metropolitan Area Guangdong 194,721
Meizhou Metropolitan Area Guangdong 451,530
Raoping Metropolitan Area Guangdong 116,954
Qiandong Metropolitan Area Guangdong 360,868
Chaoshan conurbation (Shantou + Chaozhou + Jieyang) Guangdong 12,663,882
Zhuijiang conurbation (Hong Kong + Shenzhen + Dongguan + Huizhou + Guangzhou + Foshan + Jiangmen + Zhongshan + Zhuhai + Macau) Guangdong + Hong Kong + Macau 58,822,480
Haikou Metropolitan Area Hainan 1,591,695
Danzhou Metropolitan Area Hainan 205,199
Qionghai Metropolitan Area Hainan 129,381
Sanya Metropolitan Area Hainan 452,525
Ruili Metropolitan Area Yunnan 163,239
Baoshan Metropolitan Area Yunnan 372,209
Dali Metropolitan Area Yunnan 350,945
Lijiang Metropolitan Area Yunnan 148,632
Lincang Metropolitan Area Yunnan 125,501
Jinghong Metropolitan Area Yunnan 110,737
Puer Metropolitan Area Yunnan 171,436
Chuxiong Metropolitan Area Yunnan 282,550
Gejiu Metropolitan Area Yunnan 200,494
Linan Metropolitan Area Yunnan 131,545
Kaiyuan Metropolitan Area Yunnan 133,048
Wenlan Metropolitan Area Yunnan 134,657
Panzhihua Metropolitan Area Yunnan 199,981
Yangguang Metropolitan Area Yunnan 122,171
Yuxi Metropolitan Area Yunnan 370,446
Miyang Metropolitan Area Yunnan 111,670
Jinzhong Metropolitan Area Yunnan 129,679
Xuanwei Metropolitan Area Yunnan 242,147
Qujing Metropolitan Area Yunnan 423,122
Kunming Metropolitan Area Yunnan 3,416,600
Beihai Metropolitan Area Guangxi 566,475
Qinzhou Metropolitan Area Guangxi 205,408
Fangchenggang Metropolitan Area Guangxi 107,515
Dongxing Metropolitan Area Guangxi 125,104
Luchuan Metropolitan Area Guangxi 135,065
Bobai Metropolitan Area Guangxi 174,688
Yulin Metropolitan Area Guangxi 814,022
Rongxian Metropolitan Area Guangxi 113,855
Cenxi Metropolitan Area Guangxi 220,053
Wuzhou Metropolitan Area Guangxi 460,722
Pingnan Metropolitan Area Guangxi 152,783
Guiping Metropolitan Area Guangxi 193,500
Laibin Metropolitan Area Guangxi 139,836
Guigang Metropolitan Area Guangxi 324,439
Binyang Metropolitan Area Guangxi 214,555
Fucheng Metropolitan Area Guangxi 141,192
Lingshan Metropolitan Area Guangxi 186,486
Nanning Metropolitan Area Guangxi 2,591,094
Hezhou Metropolitan Area Guangxi 167,042
Guilin Metropolitan Area Guangxi 1,069,415
Liuzhou Metropolitan Area Guangxi 1,451,939
Hechi Metropolitan Area Guangxi 129,833
Baise Metropolitan Area Guangxi 124,358
Yinchuan Metropolitan Area Ningxia 1,440,105
Dawukou Metropolitan Area Ningxia 141,933
Wuzhong Metropolitan Area Ningxia 240,247
Chengguan Metropolitan Area Qinghai 164,456
Xining Metropolitan Area Qinghai 1,303,058
Hetian Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 216,546
Kargilik Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 134,157
Kashgar Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 498,252
Kizilsu Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 129,556
Aksu Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 288,264
Kuqa Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 111,846
Bayingolin Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 392,233
Hami Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 218,398
Shihezi Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 379,563
Huiyuan Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 401,027
Karamay Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 245,077
Tacheng Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 101,155
Urumqi Metropolitan Area Xinjiang 4,539,265
Lhasa Metropolitan Area Xizang (Tibet) 273,179

Cyprus

[edit]

Data are referred to pre-1974 Turkish Army occupation boundaries.

Urban population rate: 62% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

East Timor

[edit]

Urban population rate: 36% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Dili Metropolitan Area: 381,794

Georgia

[edit]

Data are referret to pre-2008 Russo-Georgian War.

Urban population rate: 60% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Tbilisi Metropolitan Area: 988,278
  • Batumi Metropolitan Area: 168,438
  • Kutaisi Metropolitan Area: 132,035

India

[edit]
Further information: List of metropolitan areas in India
Further information: List of million-plus urban agglomerations in India

In India, a metropolitan city is defined as one with a population more than one million.[30] In policing jurisdiction, state governments can declare any city or town with a population exceeding one million as a metropolitan area as per the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973.[31]

Indonesia

[edit]
Further information: List of metropolitan areas in Indonesia

In Indonesia, the government of Indonesia defines a metropolitan area as an urban agglomeration where its spatial planning is prioritised due to its highly important influence on the country. Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, Semarang, Medan, Makassar, Palembang are important metropolitan area in the country. Currently, there are 10 metropolitan cities in Indonesia that have been recognized by the government.[32]

Israel

[edit]

Data are referred to 1949 Armistice boundaries, after 1948 Arab-Israeli War.

Urban population rate: 58% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Tel Aviv Metropolitan Area: 2,628,335
  • Jerusalem Metropolitan Area (both Israeli and Palestinian part): 1,022,929
  • Haifa Metropolitan Area: 449,588
  • Ashdod Metropolitan Area: 282,181
  • Beer Sheva Metropolitan Area: 205,400

Japan

[edit]

Urban population rate: 72% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Population
Tokyo Conurbation (Tokyo + Kawasaki + Yokohama + Saitama + Chiba + Takasaki + Isezaki + Ota) 34,835,218
Keihanshin Conurbation (Osaka + Kobe + Kyoto + Nara + Sakai + Himeji + Wakayama) 15,165,176
Chukyo Conurbation (Nagoya + Gifu + Toyota + Okazaki + Yokkaichi) 7,890,477
Fukuoka Metropolitan Area 2,213,305
Sapporo Metropolitan Area 1,931,424
Sendai Metropolitan Area 1,269,675
Kitakyushu Metropolitan Area 1,208,935
Hiroshima Metropolitan Area 1,150,148
Okinawa Metropolitan Area (Naha + Okinawa) 1,065,339
Okayama Metropolitan Area (Okayama + Kurashiki) 847,111
Kumamoto Metropolitan Area 624,648
Kanazawa Metropolitan Area 527,097
Otsu Metropolitan Area 514,884
Toyohashi Metropolitan Area 500,228
Kagoshima Metropolitan Area 453,833
Niigata Metropolitan Area 437,871
Matsuyama Metropolitan Area 421,736
Numazu Metropolitan Area 374,197
Oita Metropolitan Area 363,332
Kofu Metropolitan Area 335,934
Fukuyama Metropolitan Area 355,566
Utsunomiya Metropolitan Area 337,161
Fujieda Metropolitan Area 318,978
Takamatsu Metropolitan Area 314,296
Nagasaki Metropolitan Area 297,631
Asahikawa Metropolitan Area 288,867
Mito Metropolitan Area (Mito + Hitachinaka) 284,338
Hamamatsu Metropolitan Area 267,033
Nagano Metropolitan Area 264,480
Hakodate Metropolitan Area 263,045
Miyazaki Metropolitan Area 247,744
Tokushima Metropolitan Area 242,829
Toyama Metropolitan Area 239,820
Shizuoka Metropolitan Area 233,904
Morioka Metropolitan Area 217,880
Koriyama Metropolitan Area 215,513
Kochi Metropolitan Area 213,691
Akita Metropolitan Area 211,383
Yamagata Metropolitan Area 206,358
Tsuchiura Metropolitan Area 195,325
Aomori Metropolitan Area 179,937
Marugame Metropolitan Area 171,220
Fukushima Metropolitan Area 170,143
Fuji Metropolitan Area 167,426
Kisarazu Metropolitan Area 165,839
Sanda Metropolitan Area 164,419
Hitachi Metropolitan Area 162,932
Fukui Metropolitan Area 161,762
Ube Metropolitan Area 152,722
Takaoka Metropolitan Area 144,427
Kushiro Metropolitan Area 143,420
Obihiro Metropolitan Area 140,962
Shūnan Metropolitan Area 137,818
Niihama Metropolitan Area 134,067
Kurume Metropolitan Area 133,391
Matsumoto Metropolitan Area 125,858
Hachinohe Metropolitan Area 124,493
Omuta Metropolitan Area 122,197
Tomakomai Metropolitan Area 117,181
Beppu Metropolitan Area 113,901
Hikone Metropolitan Area 113,437
Yonago Metropolitan Area 112,806
Sasebo Metropolitan Area 104,105
Iwaki Metropolitan Area 103,547
Hirosaki Metropolitan Area 100,073
Muroran Metropolitan Area 100,039

Jordan

[edit]

Urban population rate: 83% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Amman Metropolitan Area: 6,425,246
  • Irbid Metropolitan Area: 704,577
  • Madaba Metropolitan Area: 104,759

Kazakhstan

[edit]

Urban population rate: 66% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Population
Almaty Metropolitan Area 2,315,538
Shymkent Metropolitan Area 1,239,663
Astana Metropolitan Area 1,128,140
Aktobe Metropolitan Area 420,695
Semey Metropolitan Area 291,783
Aktau Metropolitan Area 259,510
Kyzylorda Metropolitan Area 237,992
Pavlodar Metropolitan Area 235,889
Atyrau Metropolitan Area 231,440
Turkestan Metropolitan Area 215,873
Ural Metropolitan Area 208,766
Ust-Kamenogorsk Metropolitan Area 197,281
Taraz Metropolitan Area 192,656
Karaganda Metropolitan Area 191,772
Temirtau Metropolitan Area 154,580
Petropavlosk Metropolitan Area 153,560
Kostanay Metropolitan Area 136,333
Taldikorgan Metropolitan Area 131,397
Zhanaozen Metropolitan Area 109,850
Kokshetav Metropolitan Area 100,846

Kyrgyzstan

[edit]

Urban population rate: 42% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Bishkek Metropolitan Area: 1,428,079
  • Osh Metropolitan Area: 481,389

Kuwait

[edit]

Urban population rate: 98% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Laos

[edit]

Urban population rate: 43% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Malaysia + Singapore

[edit]
Satellite view of Kuala Lumpur metropolitan area

Urban population rate: 77% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Population
Kuala Lumpur Metropolitan Area 8,851,535
Singapore Metropolitan Area (including Johor Bahru) 7,934,034
Georgetown Metropolitan Area (Georgetown + Kulim) 1,513,764
Ipoh Metropolitan Area 861,933
Kota Kinabalu Metropolitan Area 810,843
Kuching Metropolitan Area 587,986
Melaka Metropolitan Area 544,035
Seremban Metropolitan Area 390,884
Tawau Metropolitan Area 354,494
Sandakan Metropolitan Area 337,268
Kota Bharu Metropolitan Area 326,948
Sungai Petani Metropolitan Area 269,176
Kuantan Metropolitan Area 217,879
Alor Star Metropolitan Area 203,262
Taiping Metropolitan Area 198,018
Miri Metropolitan Area 187,443
Sibu Metropolitan Area 185,385
Kuala Terengganu Metropolitan Area 147,996
Lahad Datu Metropolitan Area 133,110
Kluang Metropolitan Area 109,597
Muar Metropolitan Area 106,024
Bintulu Metropolitan Area 101,436
Semporna Metropolitan Area 101,230

Maldives

[edit]

Mongolia

[edit]

Urban population rate: 69% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Nepal

[edit]

Urban population rate: 25% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

North Korea

[edit]

Boundaries are referred to the Third inter-Korean summit agreement (2018).

Urban population rate: 67% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Population
Kaeseong Metropolitan Area 280,963
Haeju Metropolitan Area 263,992
Sariwon Metropolitan Area 401,117
Songnim Metropolitan Area 256,211
Nampo Metropolitan Area 144,643
Kangseo Metropolitan Area 260,531
Pyeongyang Metropolitan Area 2,868,313
Wonsan Metropolitan Area 370,729
Muncheon Metropolitan Area 117,274
Pyeongseong Metropolitan Area 300,843
Suncheon Metropolitan Area 154,047
Sukcheon Metropolitan Area 106,846
Anju Metropolitan Area 256,943
Kaecheon Metropolitan Area 164,966
Deokcheon Metropolitan Area 152,025
Cheongju Metropolitan Area 170,999
Seoncheon Metropolitan Area 112,903
Kuseong Metropolitan Area 108,791
Ryeongcheon Metropolitan Area 125,259
Huicheon Metropolitan Area 117,534
Kanggye Metropolitan Area 314,915
Jeongpyeong Metropolitan Area 108,488
Hamju Metropolitan Area 105,812
Hamheung Metropolitan Area 745,725
Hongwon Metropolitan Area 116,941
Dancheon Metropolitan Area 114,551
Kimchaek Metropolitan Area 196,760
Gilju Metropolitan Area 108,885
Musan Metropolitan Area 106,601
Cheongjin Metropolitan Area 683,870
Raseon Metropolitan Area 106,938

Oman

[edit]

Urban population rate: 78% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Pakistan

[edit]
Main article: List of metropolitan areas in Pakistan

Pakistan has nine metropolitan areas with populations greater than a million. Five of these are entirely in Punjab including Lahore, Faisalabad, Gujranwala, Multan; one (Islamabad-Rawalpindi is split between Punjab and the Islamabad Capital Territory; two are located in Sindh, including Karachi, the largest metropolitan area in the country, and Hyderabad; one in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Peshawar; and the final in Balochistan: Quetta.

Data are referred to 1972 Shimla Agreement borders, after 1971 Indo-Pakistani war.

Urban population rate: 39% (2015)

Name Population Year Notes
Karachi Metropolitan Area 13,150,694 2015
Lahore Metropolitan Area 10,114,718
Rawalpindi Metropolitan Area (Rawalpindi + Islamabad) 3,738,564
Faisalabad Metropolitan Area 3,563,007
Gujranwala Metropolitan Area 2,788,655
Peshawar Metropolitan Area 2,764,734
Multan Metropolitan Area 2,422,577
Sialkot Metropolitan Area 1,885,761
Hyderabad Metropolitan Area 1,835,126
Mingaora Metropolitan Area 1,057,542
Mardan Metropolitan Area 1,026,217
Abbottabad Metropolitan Area 960,783
Quetta Metropolitan Area 749,960
Sargodha Metropolitan Area 657,394
Gujrat Metropolitan Area 622,644
Wah Metropolitan Area 521,616
Bannu Metropolitan Area 494,277
Haripur Metropolitan Area 474,638
Larkana Metropolitan Area 466,569
Mansehra Metropolitan Area 465,955
Shahkot Metropolitan Area 460,340
Charsadda Metropolitan Area 421,797
Sukkur Metropolitan Area 419,044
Bahawalpur Metropolitan Area 412,812
Jehangira Metropolitan Area 392,541
Dera Ghazi Khan Metropolitan Area 386,996
Chakwal Metropolitan Area 380,689
Okara Metropolitan Area 377,333
Nowshera Metropolitan Area 376,682
Kasur Metropolitan Area 368,064
Shakargarh Metropolitan Area 366,175
Swabi Metropolitan Area 350,349
Kohat Metropolitan Area 349,873
Jhelum Metropolitan Area 335,764
Muridike Metropolitan Area 332,238
Sahiwal Metropolitan Area 331,522
Muzaffarabad Metropolitan Area 329,099
Hazro Metropolitan Area 325,085
Chakdarra Metropolitan Area 312,554
Shabqadar Metropolitan Area 306,185
Jhang Sada Metropolitan Area 303,289
Jacobabad Metropolitan Area 301,179
Narowal Metropolitan Area 279,768
Rahim Yar Khan Metropolitan Area 274,839
Takhat Bhai Metropolitan Area 270,145
Tangi Metropolitan Area 254,085
Hafizabad Metropolitan Area 252,160
Muzaffargarh Metropolitan Area 245,691
Mandi Bahauddin Metropolitan Area 240,604
Wazirabad Metropolitan Area 232,325
Qila Khudabadan Metropolitan Area 221,239
Shikarpur Metropolitan Area 221,057
Mandi Metropolitan Area 209,396
Jampur Metropolitan Area 208,805
Pattoki Metropolitan Area 208,708
Kharian Metropolitan Area 191,229
Chunian Metropolitan Area 178,925
Tando Muhammad Khan Metropolitan Area 173,445
Lala Mosa Metropolitan Area 171,681
Khairpur Metropolitan Area 167,568
Khandhkot Metropolitan Area 167,179
Charman Metropolitan Area 165,834
Zangun Metropolitan Area 164,498
Dadu Metropolitan Area 162,534
Sherpur Metropolitan Area 160,249
Sadiqabad Metropolitan Area 158,903
Bhara Khao Metropolitan Area 155,834
Pakpattan Metropolitan Area 155,767
Ghotki Metropolitan Area 154,294
Fatehjang Metropolitan Area 153,965
Burewala Metropolitan Area 151,529
Pindi Gheb Metropolitan Area 147,718
Bat Khela Metropolitan Area 147,435
Chiniot Metropolitan Area 146,702
Chuchar Metropolitan Area 143,388
Pasrur Metropolitan Area 142,975
Usta Muhammad Metropolitan Area 137,181
Khanewal Metropolitan Area 135,503
Gojra Metropolitan Area 134,727
Shaikh Jana Metropolitan Area 131,956
Thul Metropolitan Area 130,017
Kahuta Metropolitan Area 129,479
Gali Bagh Metropolitan Area 126,721
Shujaabad Metropolitan Area 125,952
Topi Metropolitan Area 123,669
Daroli Metropolitan Area 116,619
Attock Metropolitan Area 113,767
Sangla Metropolitan Area 112,475
Mithankot Metropolitan Area 111,038
Thatta Metropolitan Area 110,185
Jambar Kalan Metropolitan Area 109,682
Dera Ismail Khan Metropolitan Area 109,448
Kabirwala Metropolitan Area 108,910
Lodhran Metropolitan Area 108,590
Moro Metropolitan Area 108,243
Havelian Metropolitan Area 106,307
Shal Bandai Metropolitan Area 106,132
Mehar Metropolitan Area 106,034
Arifwala Metropolitan Area 105,263
Khanpur Metropolitan Area 104,403
Alipur Metropolitan Area 101,977
Khot Kakka Shah Metropolitan Area 100,884

Palestine

[edit]

Data are referred to 1949 Armistice boundaries, after 1948 Arab-Israeli War.

Urban population rate: 78% (2023)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2023[27], before the Israeli Army invasion.

Papua New Guinea

[edit]

Urban population rate: 12% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Philippines

[edit]
Main article: List of metropolitan areas in the Philippines

The Philippines currently has three metropolitan areas defined by the National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA). These metropolitan areas are separated into three main geographical areas; Metro Manila (which is located in Luzon), Metro Cebu (which is located in Visayas), Metro Davao (which is located in Mindanao), and Greater Manila Area (which is the largest metropolitan area of Manila). The official definition of each area does not necessarily follow the actual extent of continuous urbanization. For example, the built-up area of Metro Manila has long spilled out of its officially defined borders into the adjacent provinces of Bulacan, Rizal, Laguna, and Cavite known as Greater Manila Area. The number of metropolitan areas in the Philippines was reduced from 13 in 2007 to the current three based from the 2017–2022 Philippine Development Plan by NEDA. The other 10 metropolitan areas were Metro Angeles, Metro Bacolod, Metro Baguio, Metro Batangas, Metro Cagayan de Oro, Metro Dagupan, Metro Iloilo–Guimaras, Metro Butuan, Metro Naga, and Metro Olongapo.

Urban population rate: 59% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Population
Manila Metropolitan Area (Manila + Angeles + Lipa + Batangas) 30,565,371
Cebu Metropolitan Area 3,191,585
Davao Metropolitan Area 1,651,086
Dagupan Metropolitan Area 973,316
Cagayan de Oro Metropolitan Area 950,102
Bacolod Metropolitan Area 690,717
Zamboanga Metropolitan Area 498,587
Iloilo Metropolitan Area 489,034
General Santos Metropolitan Area 452,060
Baguio Metropolitan Area 451,844
Batangas Metropolitan Area 326,496
Naga Metropolitan Area 291,374
Iligan Metropolitan Area 279,731
Cotabato Metropolitan Area 274,670
Tagum Metropolitan Area 252,700
Tacloban Metropolitan Area 244,458
Lipa Metropolitan Area 235,919
Legaspi Metropolitan Area 221,694
Marawi Metropolitan Area 207,205
Cabanatuan Metropolitan Area 198,568
Butuan Metropolitan Area 185,655
Olongapo Metropolitan Area 182,832
Tarlac Metropolitan Area 181,691
San Pablo Metropolitan Area 174,317
San Pedro Metropolitan Area 172,148
Dumaguete Metropolitan Area 166,127
Guagua Metropolitan Area 160,448
Puerto Princesa Metropolitan Area 156,713
Pagadian Metropolitan Area 145,146
San Fernando Metropolitan Area 134,798
Malolos Metropolitan Area 123,101
Tuguegarao Metropolitan Area 122,965
Tagbilaran Metropolitan Area 120,097
Ozamis Metropolitan Area 117,388
Roxas Metropolitan Area 108,370
Dipolog Metropolitan Area 108,335
Balanga Metropolitan Area 108,162
Gapan Metropolitan Area 103,963

Qatar

[edit]

Urban population rate: 46% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Doha Metropolitan Area: 2,076,720

South Korea

[edit]

Boundaries are referred to the Third inter-Korean summit agreement (2018).

Urban population rate: 86% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Population
Sudokwon Conurbation (Seoul + Incheon + nearby cities in Gyeonggi Province) 23,366,117
South Gyeongsang Conurbation (Busan + Gimhae + Yangsan + Changwon) 4,494,463
Daegu Metropolitan Area 2,300,085
Daejeon Metropolitan Area 1,504,229
Gwangju Metropolitan Area 1,428,492
Ulsan Metropolitan Area 941,217
Jeonju Metropolitan Area (Jeonju + Iksan) 786,341
Cheongju Metropolitan Area 691,161
Cheonan Metropolitan Area (Cheonan + Asan) 504,349
Pohang Metropolitan Area 373,323
Gumi Metropolitan Area 286,529
Suncheon Metropolitan Area (Suncheon + Gwangyang + Yeosu) 265,434
Jinju Metropolitan Area 238,454
Chuncheon Metropolitan Area 229,165
Mokpo Metropolitan Area 228,462
Wonju Metropolitan Area 218,041
Gunsan Metropolitan Area 177,647
Gangneung Metropolitan Area 118,784

Sri Lanka

[edit]

Urban population rate: 20% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Colombo Metropolitan Area: 4,881,182
  • Kandy Metropolitan Area: 850,450
  • Matara Metropolitan Area: 225,584
  • Jaffna Metropolitan Area: 214,344
  • Galle Metropolitan Area: 197,578
  • Kalmunai Metropolitan Area: 134,013
  • Batticaloa Metropolitan Area: 125,685

Taiwan

[edit]

Boundaries are referred to the territories administrated by the Republic of China, after Cross-Strait Act (1992).

Urban population rate: 80% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Population
Northern Conurbation (Taipei + Taoyuan + Zhubei + Hsinshu + Toufen) 10,687,535
Southern Conurbation (Tainan + Kaohsiung + Pingtung) 3,595,567
Central Conurbation (Taichung + Changhua + Nantou + Yunlin) 3,447,544
Chiayi Metropolitan Area 460,979
Hualien Metropolitan Area 137,533

Tajikistan

[edit]

Urban population rate: 34% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Thailand

[edit]

Urban population rate: 42% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Population
Krung Thep Conurbation (Bangkok and nearby cities) 19,378,454
Phuket Metropolitan Area 742,871
Chiang Mai Metropolitan Area 692,242
Hat Yai Metropolitan Area 436,777
Chonburi Metropolitan Area 263,106
Pattaya Metropolitan Area 253,538
Nakhon Pathom Metropolitan Area 185,771
Si Racha Metropolitan Area 168,554
Phitsanulok Metropolitan Area 165,001
Songkhla Metropolitan Area 162,380
Nakhon Ratchasima Metropolitan Area 159,579
Khonkaen Metropolitan Area 154,057
Surat Thani Metropolitan Area 150,127
Udon Thani Metropolitan Area 149,983
Nakhon Si Thammarat Metropolitan Area 146,307
Rayong Metropolitan Area 138,423
Lopburi Metropolitan Area 128,924
Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Metropolitan Area 126,849
Ubon Ratchathani Metropolitan Area 126,488
Ranong Metropolitan Area 118,553
Yala Metropolitan Area 111,221
Ban Chang Metropolitan Area 110,390
Kanchanaburi Metropolitan Area 102,628

Turkey

[edit]

The word metropolitan describes the central municipality governing local services in a province with more than 750.000 residents in Turkey, like Istanbul and its metropolitan municipality, the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality. There are 30 officially defined "metropolitan municipalities" in Turkey.[33] This classification, however, is only used for administrative purposes, and sometimes contradicts the colloquial use of the term "metro area". As an example, Gebze, a district in Kocaeli province and thus in the jurisdiction of the Kocaeli Metropolitan Municipality, is arguably within the metro area of Istanbul with many of its residents commuting to Istanbul for work and the Marmaray, a commuter rail line, extending into the district. The district however, as previously mentioned, is not a part of Istanbul's provincial limits, and thus not subject to the jurisdiction of its metropolitan municipality. The word metropolitan (municipality) is generally only used as an administrative distinction in Turkey.

Urban population rate: 73% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Population
Istanbul Metropolitan Area 14,210,222
Ankara Metropolitan Area 5,402,165
Izmir Metropolitan Area 2,457,529
Bursa Metropolitan Area 2,366,448
Gaziantep Metropolitan Area 1,681,270
Antalya Metropolitan Area 1,372,672
Konya Metropolitan Area 1,017,329
Mersin Metropolitan Area 800,548
Izmit Metropolitan Area 784,331
Kayseri Metropolitan Area 772,654
Adana Metropolitan Area 737,574
Samsun Metropolitan Area 559,413
Denizli Metropolitan Area 537,507
Diyarbakir Metropolitan Area 536,794
Eskisehir Metropolitan Area 528,380
Kahramanmaras Metropolitan Area 464,945
Van Metropolitan Area 451,519
Malatya Metropolitan Area 447,745
Sanliurfa Metropolitan Area 431,505
Antakya Metropolitan Area 397,544
Trabzon Metropolitan Area 364,103
Batman Metropolitan Area 363,642
Elazig Metropolitan Area 324,305
Sivas Metropolitan Area 303,202
Sakarya Metropolitan Area 269,660
Manisa Metropolitan Area 294,069
Iskenderun Metropolitan Area 256,743
Cerkezkoy Metropolitan Area 242,264
Isparta Metropolitan Area 234,121
Osmaniye Metropolitan Area 225,567
Aydin Metropolitan Area 210,247
Adiyaman Metropolitan Area 203,680
Yenice Metropolitan Area 181,480
Corum Metropolitan Area 181,012
Ordu Metropolitan Area 180,011
Siverek Metropolitan Area 160,312
Tarsus Metropolitan Area 159,692
Zonguldak Metropolitan Area 158,521
Inegol Metropolitan Area 155,697
Giresun Metropolitan Area 147,434
Usak Metropolitan Area 141,288
Duzce Metropolitan Area 139,560
Yumurtalik Metropolitan Area 139,104
Siirt Metropolitan Area 136,101
Tokat Metropolitan Area 134,631
Karabuk Metropolitan Area 130,402
Kutahya Metropolitan Area 129,641
Erzurum Metropolitan Area 129,246
Karaman Metropolitan Area 127,506
Aksaray Metropolitan Area 126,210
Turgutlu Metropolitan Area 125,953
Rize Metropolitan Area 123,482
Agri Metropolitan Area 121,725
Yalova Metropolitan Area 120,828
Afyonkarahisar Metropolitan Area 120,660
Fethiye Metropolitan Area 117,452
Keskin Metropolitan Area 114,207
Viransehir Metropolitan Area 113,091
Kadirli Metropolitan Area 111,158
Silopi Metropolitan Area 105,037
Eregli Metropolitan Area 104,760
Cizre Metropolitan Area 104,061
Ceyhan Metropolitan Area 103,840
Elbistan Metropolitan Area 100,020

Turkmenistan

[edit]

Urban population rate: 57% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

United Arab Emirates

[edit]
Main article: Dubai-Sharjah-Ajman metropolitan area

Dubai-Sharjah-Ajman (DSA) is a metropolitan area in the United Arab Emirates. It consists of the combined, greater urban areas of Dubai, Ajman, and Sharjah. The urban areas at the northeast end of Dubai flow into those of Sharjah, which in turn are contiguous with those of Ajman. The total population is about 5.9 million people as of 2023[34][35][36]

Urban population rate: 87% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Uzbekistan

[edit]

Urban population rate: 44% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Population
Tashkent Metropolitan Area 3,874,653
Namangan Metropolitan Area 927,908
Samarqand Metropolitan Area 892,554
Andijon Metropolitan Area 792,858
Fargona Metropolitan Area 759,423
Qarshi Metropolitan Area 512,027
Jizzax Metropolitan Area 357,127
Shahrisabz Metropolitan Area 334,628
Qoqon Metropolitan Area 303,759
Nokis Metropolitan Area 288,240
Tortkul Metropolitan Area 252,614
Termiz Metropolitan Area 242,044
Urganch Metropolitan Area 215,566
Kattaqorgon Metropolitan Area 153,433
Denov Metropolitan Area 146,220
Buxoro Metropolitan Area 137,440
Xiva Metropolitan Area 136,679
Oltiariq Metropolitan Area 120,162
Kosonsoy Metropolitan Area 115,631
Quva Metropolitan Area 113,493
Gijduvon Metropolitan Area 110,910
Navoiy Metropolitan Area 110,554
Ibrat Metropolitan Area 101,566
Asaka Metropolitan Area 101,170
Shahrixon Metropolitan Area 100,375

Vietnam

[edit]

Urban population rate: 38% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Population
Ho Chi Minh (Sai Gon) Metropolitan Area 15,430,069
Ha Noi Metropolitan Area 7,265,805
Can Tho Metropolitan Area 1,652,649
Da Nang Metropolitan Area 1,265,560
Hai Phong Metropolitan Area 1,003,753
My Tho Metropolitan Area 461,520
Long Xuyen Metropolitan Area 550,869
Vinh Long Metropolitan Area 484,198
Vung Tau Metropolitan Area 476,737
Nha Trang Metropolitan Area 443,626
Tay Ninh Metropolitan Area 436,732
Hue Metropolitan Area 383,941
Thai Nguyen Metropolitan Area 363,000
Vinh Metropolitan Area 349,192
Thanh Hoa Metropolitan Area 343,001
Quang Ngai Metropolitan Area 340,820
Buon Ma Thuot Metropolitan Area 316,655
Nam Dinh Metropolitan Area 292,782
Qui Nhon Metropolitan Area 282,795
Rach Gia Metropolitan Area 276,783
Thai Binh Metropolitan Area 268,330
Phan Thiet Metropolitan Area 243,919
Play Cu Metropolitan Area 199,908
Bac Lieu Metropolitan Area 199,141
Phan Rang Metropolitan Area 198,679
Da Lat Metropolitan Area 195,370
Ca Mau Metropolitan Area 193,377
Ha Long Metropolitan Area 178,597
Lac Thanh Metropolitan Area 177,136
Cao Lanh Metropolitan Area 173,133
Cai Lay Metropolitan Area 172,776
Tra Vinh Metropolitan Area 159,016
Tuy Hoa Metropolitan Area 158,744
Binh Phuoc Metropolitan Area 155,011
Cao Mat Metropolitan Area 149,729
Kon Tum Metropolitan Area 144,425
Son Tay (Ha Noi) Metropolitan Area 139,803
Vinh Yen Metropolitan Area 139,418
Soc Trang Metropolitan Area 133,858
Viet Tri Metropolitan Area 129,341
Long Le Metropolitan Area 125,920
Mong Cai Metropolitan Area (Mong Cai + Dongxing) 125,104
Cam Pha Metropolitan Area 122,988
Ninh Binh Metropolitan Area 122,236
Cai Be Metropolitan Area 120,234
Tuyen Quang Metropolitan Area 114,216
Phu Ly Metropolitan Area 112,705
Tien Thanh Metropolitan Area 112,508
Tân Phú Metropolitan Area 111,991
Lang Son Metropolitan Area 110,770
Ho Kou Metropolitan Area (Ho Kou + Hekou) 105,453
Xuan Loc Metropolitan Area 103,836
Gia Rai Metropolitan Area 102,299
Yen Bai Metropolitan Area 102,149
Tam Ky Metropolitan Area 100,935
Vinh Tuy Metropolitan Area 100,364

Central America and Caribbeans

[edit]

Bahamas

[edit]

Urban population rate: 87% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Barbados

[edit]

Urban population rate: 53% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Costa Rica

[edit]

Urban population rate: 70% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

El Salvador

[edit]

Urban population rate: 70% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Honduras

[edit]

Urban population rate: 59% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Jamaica

[edit]

Urban population rate: 60% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Mexico

[edit]
Further information: Metropolitan areas of Mexico

Metropolitan areas are known as zonas metropolitanas in Mexico. The National Population Council (CONAPO) defines them as:[37]

  • a set of two or more municipalities where a city with a population of at least 100,000 is located, and whose urban area, functions and activities exceed the limits of the municipality.
  • municipalities with a city of more than 500,000 inhabitants, or a city of more than 200,000 inhabitants located in the northern and southern border areas and in the coastal zone.
  • municipalities where state capitals are located, if they are not already included in a metropolitan zone.

As of 2018, there are 74 zonas metropolitanas in Mexico. 75.1 million people, 62.8% of the country population, live within a metropolitan area.[37]

Nicaragua

[edit]

Urban population rate: 64% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Panama

[edit]

Urban population rate: 80% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Trinidad and Tobago

[edit]

Urban population rate: 19% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Europe

[edit]
Map of metropolitan regions by Eurostat in 2021.

The European Union's statistical agency Eurostat, in partnership with OECD, has created a concept named functional urban area (FUA). The FUA represents an attempt at a harmonised definition of the metropolitan area, and the goal was to have an area from which a significant share of the residents commute into the city.[38] The FUA consists of a city and its commuting zone,[39] which is a contiguous area of spatial units that have at least 15% of their employed residents working in the city.[40]

A further, derived concept is the typology of metropolitan regions. A NUTS 3 region (or a group thereof) is considered to be metropolitan, if at least 50% of its residents live inside a FUA with a population of 250,000 or more. NUTS 3 regions not meeting this criteria are considered to be non-metropolitan regions.[41]

Albania

[edit]

Urban population rate: 61% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Tirane Metropolitan Area: 995,789
  • Durrës Metropolitan Area: 131,865

Austria

[edit]

Urban population rate: 72% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Vienna Metropolitan Area: 2,056,565
  • Graz Metropolitan Area: 306,742
  • Linz Metropolitan Area: 243,243
  • Innsbruck Metropolitan Area: 144,226
  • Salzburg Metropolitan Area: 143,452

Belarus

[edit]

Urban population rate: 79% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Population
Minsk Metropolitan Area 2,093,512
Gomel Metropolitan Area 571,257
Vitebsk Metropolitan Area 382,195
Mogilev Metropolitan Area 334,165
Brest Metropolitan Area (Brest + Terespol) 326,182
Grodno Metropolitan Area 309,064
Bobruisk Metropolitan Area 197,539
Baranavici Metropolitan Area 162,854
Pinsk Metropolitan Area 132,029
Borisov Metropolitan Area 112,218

Belgium

[edit]

Urban population rate: 98% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Bruxelles Metropolitan Area: 1,468,754
  • Antwerp Metropolitan Area: 767,652
  • Liege Metropolitan Area: 373,662
  • Gent Metropolitan Area: 250,379
  • Charleroi Metropolitan Area: 222,465

Bosnia and Herzegovina

[edit]

Urban population rate: 56% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Bulgaria

[edit]

Urban population rate: 76% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Sofia Metropolitan Area: 1,068,057
  • Plovdiv Metropolitan Area: 331,578
  • Varna Metropolitan Area: 286,140
  • Burgas Metropolitan Area: 102,154

Croatia

[edit]

Urban population rate: 65% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Zagreb Metropolitan Area: 643,962
  • Split Metropolitan Area: 215,968
  • Rijeka Metropolitan Area: 115,636

Czech Republic

[edit]

Urban population rate: 78% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Prague Metropolitan Area: 1,201,278
  • Brno Metropolitan Area: 313,582
  • Ostrava Metropolitan Area: 150,766
  • Plzen Metropolitan Area: 146,255

Denmark

[edit]

Urban population rate: 89% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Estonia

[edit]

Urban population rate: 74% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Finland

[edit]

Urban population rate: 88% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

France

[edit]
Main article: Functional area (France)

France's national statistics office, INSEE, names an urban core and its surrounding area of commuter influence an aire d'attraction d'une ville  [fr] (AAV, literally meaning "catchment area of a city"), plural: aires d'attraction des villes.[42] The official translation of this statistical area in English (as used by INSEE) is "functional area".[43] The AAV follows the same definition as the Functional Urban Area (FUA) used by Eurostat and the OECD, and the AAVs are thus strictly comparable to the FUAs.[43]

The AAV replaced in 2020 the metropolitan statistical area called aire urbaine (AU).[42] The AU, which was defined differently than the AAV, has now been discarded by INSEE and replaced with the AAV in order to facilitate international comparisons.[43] Urban population rate: 86% (2015)

Name Population Year Notes
Ile-de-France Conurbation (Greater Paris) 9,711,512 2015
Lyon Metropolitan Area (Greater Lyon) 1,152,368
Marseille Metropolitan Area (Greater Marseille) 909,727
Lille Metropolitan Area (Lille + Mouscron) 903,281
Cote-d'Azur Conurbation (Nice + Cannes) 733,095
Toulouse Metropolitan Area (Greater Toulouse) 658,107
Bordeaux Metropolitan Area (greater Bordeaux) 585,031
Nantes Metropolitan Area (Greater Nantes) 436,853
Strasbourg Metropolitan Area (Strasbourg + Kehl) 422,097
Toulon Metropolitan Area (Greater Toulon) 368,851
Grenoble Metropolitan Area (Greater Grenoble) 338,199
Rouen Metropolitan Area (Greater Rouen) 320,960
Montpellier Metropolitan Area (Greater Montpellier) 293,865
Rennes Metropolitan Area (Greater Rennes) 227,572
Nancy Metropolitan Area (Greater Nancy) 213,797
Tours Metropolitan Area (Greater Tours) 211,591
Dijon Metropolitan Area (Greater Dijon) 208,040
Cambrin Metropolitan Area (Greater Cambrin) 207,779
Clermont-Ferrand Metropolitan Area (Greater Clermont-Ferrand) 191,311
Reims Metropolitan Area (Greater Reims) 189,743
Mulhouse Metropolitan Area (Greater Mulhouse) 189,297
Le Havre Metropolitan Area (Greater Le Havre) 187,643
Orleans Metropolitan Area (Greater Orleans) 179,869
Angers Metropolitan Area (Greater Angers) 176,839
Saint-Etienne Metropolitan Area (Greater Saint-Etienne) 172,766
Caen Metropolitan Area (Greater Caen) 164,788
Metz Metropolitan Area (Greater Metz) 151,221
Le Mans Metropolitan Area (Greater Le Mans) 147,383
Brest Metropolitan Area (Greater Brest) 142,527
Amiens Metropolitan Area (Greater Amiens) 136,532
Limoges Metropolitan Area (Greater Limoges) 129,255
Dunkerque Metropolitan Area (Greater Dunkerque) 127,529
Perpignan Metropolitan Area (Greater Perpignan) 115,845
Pau Metropolitan Area (Greater Pau) 112,672
Troyes Metropolitan Area (Greater Troyes) 109,941
Besançon Metropolitan Area (Greater Besançon) 108,712
Annecy Metropolitan Area (Greater Annecy) 102,728
Nîmes Metropolitan Area (Greater Nîmes) 101,743
Valenciennes Metropolitan Area (Greater Valenciennes) 101,583

Germany

[edit]

Metropolitan regions in Germany by definition, are the eleven urban areas that are the most densely populated areas in the Federal Republic of Germany. They comprise the major German cities and their surrounding catchment areas and form the political, commercial and cultural centers of the country. For urban centers outside metropolitan areas, that generate a similar attraction at smaller scale for their region, the concept of the Regiopolis and respectively regiopolitan area or region was introduced by German professors in 2006. Urban population rate: 76% (2015)

Name Population Year Notes
Ruhr Conurbation (Bonn + Koln + Düsseldorf + Wuppertal + Dortmund + Hagen) 7,275,319 2015
Berlin Metropolitan Area (Greater Berlin) 3,390,255
Hamburg Metropolitan Area (Greater Hamburg) 1,677,733
Munich Metropolitan Area (Greater Munich) 1,573,652
Frankfurt am Main Metropolitan Area (Greater Frankfurt am Main) 1,523,808
Stuttgart Metropolitan Area (Greater Stuttgart) 1,160,180
Nurnberg Metropolitan Area (Greater Nurnberg) 679,089
Hannover Metropolitan Area (Greater Hannover) 599,164
Dresden Metropolitan Area (Greater Dresden) 513,723
Bremen Metropolitan Area (Greater Bremen) 506,342
Mannheim Metropolitan Area (Greater Mannheim) 466,696
Leipzig Metropolitan Area (Greater Leipzig) 455,581
Augsburg Metropolitan Area (Greater Augsburg) 312,094
Karlsruhe Metropolitan Area (Greater Karlsruhe) 286,982
Aachen Metropolitan Area (Aachen + Kerkrade) 226,264
Kassel Metropolitan Area (Greater Kassel) 222,869
Bielefeld Metropolitan Area (Greater Bielefeld) 214,193
Kiel Metropolitan Area (Greater Kiel) 209,786
Munster Metropolitan Area (Greater Munster) 207,455
Heidelberg Metropolitan Area (Greater Heidelberg) 196,429
Magdeburg Metropolitan Area (Greater Magdeburg) 193,706
Halle Metropolitan Area (Greater Halle) 185,076
Braunschweig Metropolitan Area (Greater Braunschweig) 180,612
Freiburg Metropolitan Area (Greater Freiburg) 179,912
Rostock Metropolitan Area (Greater Rostock) 168,453
Chemnitz Metropolitan Area (Greater Chemnitz) 168,021
Lubeck Metropolitan Area (Greater Lubeck) 150,413
Saarbrücken Metropolitan Area (Greater Saarbrücken) 146,109
Oldenburg Metropolitan Area (Greater Oldenburg) 144,961
Erfurt Metropolitan Area (Greater Erfurt) 141,749
Koblenz Metropolitan Area (Greater Koblenz) 138,095
Regensburg Metropolitan Area (Greater Regensburg) 133,794
Wurzburg Metropolitan Area (Greater Wurzburg) 121,062
Heilbronn Metropolitan Area (Greater Heilbronn) 121,015
Bremerhaven Metropolitan Area (Greater Bremerhaven) 116,975
Darmstadt Metropolitan Area (Greater Darmstadt) 116,051
Osnabruck Metropolitan Area (Greater Osnabruck) 105,944
Ulm Metropolitan Area (Greater Ulm) 103,439

Greece

[edit]

Urban population rate: 68% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Hungary

[edit]

Urban population rate: 72% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Budapest Metropolitan Area: 1,743,875
  • Debrecen Metropolitan Area: 139,471
  • Pecs Metropolitan Area: 123,329
  • Szeged Metropolitan Area: 122,060
  • Miskolc Metropolitan Area: 115,425

Ireland

[edit]

Urban population rate: 69% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Dublin Metropolitan Area: 1,310,160
  • Cork Metropolitan Area: 137,272

Italy

[edit]

In 2001 Italy transformed 14 provinces of some of the country's largest cities into Metropolitan Cities. Therefore, the territory of the Metropolitan City corresponds to that of a standard Italian province.

Urban population rate: 73% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Population
Milano conurbation (Milano + Monza and nearby cities) 3,579,039
Napoli conurbation (Napoli + Caserta + Salerno and nearby cities) 3,415,763
Roma conurbation 2,799,884
Torino conurbation 1,243,448
Palermo conurbation 720,937
Firenze conurbation (Firenze + Prato + Pistoia and nearby cities) 711,105
Catania Metropolitan Area 529,493
Genova Metropolitan Area 523,194
Bologna Metropolitan Area 456,780
Bergamo Metropolitan Area 448,364
Bari Metropolitan Area 311,280
Cagliari Metropolitan Area 257,468
Padova Metropolitan Area 244,498
Brescia Metropolitan Area 243,287
Venezia Metropolitan Area 222,475
Verona Metropolitan Area 216,582
Pescara Metropolitan Area 212,590
Messina Metropolitan Area 178,836
Trieste Metropolitan Area 178,655
Modena Metropolitan Area 155,015
Como Metropolitan Area 151,878
Livorno Metropolitan Area 149,983
Parma Metropolitan Area 148,518
Taranto Metropolitan Area 136,105
Reggio Calabria Metropolitan Area 128,270
Foggia Metropolitan Area 126,645
Rimini Metropolitan Area 126,273
Vicenza Metropolitan Area 121,637
Reggio Emilia Metropolitan Area 119,756
Bolzano Metropolitan Area 107,197
Massa Metropolitan Area 101,572
Udine Metropolitan Area 101,454

Kosovo

[edit]

Urban population rate: 42% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Latvia

[edit]

Urban population rate: 72% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Riga Metropolitan Area: 516,897

Lithuania

[edit]

Urban population rate: 72% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Luxembourg

[edit]

Urban population rate: 88% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Malta

[edit]

Urban population rate: 89% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Moldova

[edit]

Urban population rate: 55% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Netherlands

[edit]

Urban population rate: 86% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Population
Rotterdam Conurbation (Rotterdam + Delft + Den Haag + Zoetermeer) 2,173,754
Amsterdam Conurbation 1,223,407
Utrecht Metropolitan Area 519,237
Eindhoven Metropolitan Area 293,438
Leiden Metropolitan Area 268,631
Dordrecht Metropolitan Area 252,512
Haarlem Metropolitan Area 207,592
Tilburg Metropolitan Area 206,798
Arnhem Metropolitan Area 194,293
Nijmegen Metropolitan Area 190,473
Amersfoort Metropolitan Area 186,756
Almere Metropolitan Area 185,506
Breda Metropolitan Area 177,734
Alkmaar Metropolitan Area 171,003
Groningen Metropolitan Area 167,782
Willemstad (Curacao) Metropolitan Area 162,059
Heerlen Metropolitan Area 160,135
's-Hertongenbosch Metropolitan Area 144,486
Apeldoorn Metropolitan Area 133,570
Enschede Metropolitan Area 129,372
Maastricht Metropolitan Area 124,921
Zwolle Metropolitan Area 120,061

Northern Macedonia

[edit]

Urban population rate: 67% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Skopje Metropolitan Area: 402,733

Norway

[edit]

Urban population rate: 84% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Poland

[edit]

Urban population rate: 68% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Population
Warsaw Metropolitan Area 1,999,986
Katowice conurbation 1,408,364
Krakow Metropolitan Area 723,413
Gdansk Metropolitan Area 615,013
Lodz Metropolitan Area 582,587
Wroclaw Metropolitan Area 531,845
Poznań Metropolitan Area 531,736
Lublin Metropolitan Area 320,313
Bialystok Metropolitan Area 289,226
Szczecin Metropolitan Area 269,836
Walbrzych Metropolitan Area 182,732
Rzeszow Metropolitan Area 180,696
Bielsko-Biala Metropolitan Area 136,717

Portugal

[edit]

Urban population rate: 68% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Lisbon Metropolitan Area: 2,443,987
  • Porto Metropolitan Area: 1,060,250
  • Funchal Metropolitan Area: 135,362

Romania

[edit]

Urban population rate: 65% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Population
Bucharest Metropolitan Area 1,971,350
Cluj-Napoca Metropolitan Area 321,095
Iasi Metropolitan Area 304,851
Timisoara Metropolitan Area 288,523
Constanta Metropolitan Area 273,012
Craiova Metropolitan Area 260,150
Galati Metropolitan Area 232,217
Brasov Metropolitan Area 230,438
Ploiesti Metropolitan Area 187,350
Oradea Metropolitan Area 156,341
Giurgiu Metropolitan Area 141,675
Braila Metropolitan Area 138,888
Pitesti Metropolitan Area 132,100
Targu-Mures Metropolitan Area 118,255
Sibiu Metropolitan Area 117,695
Bacau Metropolitan Area 117,407
Arad Metropolitan Area 112,052
Oltenita Metropolitan Area 108,928

Serbia

[edit]

Urban population rate: 63% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

  • Beograd Metropolitan Area: 1,200,547
  • Novi Sad Metropolitan Area: 286,753
  • Nis Metropolitan Area: 219,095
  • Kragujevac Metropolitan Area: 140,856

Slovakia

[edit]

Urban population rate: 62% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Slovenia

[edit]

Urban population rate: 57% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Spain

[edit]

Urban population rate: 82% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Population
Madrid conurbation 5,680,137
Barcelona conurbation 3,908,362
Valencia Metropolitan Area 1,404,208
Bilbao Metropolitan Area 729,222
Sevilla Metropolitan Area 696,193
Zaragoza Metropolitan Area 624,271
Málaga Metropolitan Area 522,827
Palma de Mallorca Metropolitan Area 467,468
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Metropolitan Area 378,494
Granada Metropolitan Area 362,800
Murcia Metropolitan Area 341,431
Alicante Metropolitan Area 331,089
Santa Cruz de Tenerife Metropolitan Area 324,645
Pamplona Metropolitan Area 296,609
Valladolid Metropolitan Area 290,636
Vigo Metropolitan Area 265,407
A Coruña Metropolitan Area 249,861
Gijón Metropolitan Area 229,261
Algeciras Metropolitan Area 215,007
San Sebastián Metropolitan Area 214,645
Santander Metropolitan Area 206,816
Vitoria Metropolitan Area 203,909
Alcalá de Henares Metropolitan Area 184,497
Oviedo Metropolitan Area 170,846
Almería Metropolitan Area 169,121
Castellón de la Plana Metropolitan Area 158,875
Salamanca Metropolitan Area 143,857
Logroño Metropolitan Area 142,370
Ceuta Metropolitan Area 137,945
Girona Metropolitan Area 132,100
Tarragona Metropolitan Area 131,944
Jerez de la Frontera Metropolitan Area 130,424
Cádiz Metropolitan Area 130,037
Melilla Metropolitan Area 126,133
Mataró Metropolitan Area 123,418
Marbella Metropolitan Area 119,627
Burgos Metropolitan Area 117,187
Huelva Metropolitan Area 113,533
Torrevieja Metropolitan Area 105,360

Sweden

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The list of metropolitan areas in Sweden is collated based on statistics of commuting between central municipalities and surrounding municipalities and taking into account existing planning cooperation in the country's three geographic regions.[44] They were defined around 1965. In 2005, a number of further municipalities were added to the defined areas.

Urban population rate: 88% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Switzerland

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Urban population rate: 77% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

United Kingdom

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Main article: List of conurbations in the United Kingdom

Industrial and housing growth in the United Kingdom during the 19th and early 20th centuries produced many conurbations. Greater London is by far the largest urban area and is usually counted as a conurbation in statistical terms, but differs from the others in the degree to which it is focused on a single central area. In the mid-1950s the Green Belt was introduced to stem the further urbanisation of the countryside in South East England. The list below shows the most populous urban areas in the UK as defined by the Office for National Statistics (ONS). Different organisations define conurbations in the UK differently for example, the Liverpool–Manchester or the Manchester–Liverpool conurbation is defined as one conurbation by AESOP in a comparison report published by the University of Manchester in 2005 found here. The Liverpool–Manchester Conurbation has a population of 5.68 million.

The United Kingdom's Office for National Statistics defines "travel to work areas" as areas where "at least 75% of an area's resident workforce work in the area and at least 75% of the people who work in the area also live in the area".[45] The European Union's ESPON group has compiled a separate list of metropolitan areas which covers the UK.

Urban population rate: 89% (2015)

Largest metropolitan areas of the United Kingdom

(England and Wales: 2011 census built-up area; Scotland: 2016 estimates settlement; Northern Ireland: 2001 census urban area)

Rank Metropolitan area Pop. Principal settlement Rank Metropolitan area Pop. Principal settlement
1 Greater London 9,787,426 London 11 Bristol 617,280 Bristol
2 Greater Manchester 2,553,379 Manchester 12 Edinburgh 512,150 Edinburgh
3 West Midlands 2,440,986 Birmingham 13 Leicester 508,916 Leicester
4 West Yorkshire 1,777,934 Leeds 14 Belfast 483,418 Belfast
5 Greater Glasgow 985,290 Glasgow 15 Brighton & Hove 474,485 Brighton
6 Liverpool 864,122 Liverpool 16 South East Dorset 466,266 Bournemouth
7 South Hampshire 855,569 Southampton 17 Cardiff 390,214 Cardiff
8 Tyneside 774,891 Newcastle upon Tyne 18 Teesside 376,633 Middlesbrough
9 Nottingham 729,977 Nottingham 19 Stoke-on-Trent 372,775 Stoke-on-Trent
10 Sheffield 685,368 Sheffield 20 Coventry 359,262 Coventry

Ukraine

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Boundaries are referred to the Treaty on the Russian–Ukrainian border signed in 2003.

Urban population rate: 73% (2024)[26]. Metropolitan area population data are referred to 2024[27].

Name Population
Kyiv Metropolitan Area 2,575,199
Kharkiv Metropolitan Area 1,284,380
Odesa Metropolitan Area 977,813
Dnipro Metropolitan Area 761,540
Donetsk Metropolitan Area 690,522
Zaporizhzhia Metropolitan Area 624,951
Lviv Metropolitan Area 604,320
Krivyy Rih Metropolitan Area 471,275
Mikolaiv Metropolitan Area 412,070
Vinnitsa Metropolitan Area 383,836
Mariupol Metropolitan Area 363,415
Luhansk Metropolitan Area 342,311
Simferopol Metropolitan Area 338,634
Chernihiv Metropolitan Area 278,668
Cherkasy Metropolitan Area 278,510
Poltava Metropolitan Area 275,189
Khmelnitskyy Metropolitan Area 259,104
Kherson Metropolitan Area 246,357
Zhytomir Metropolitan Area 242,883
Chernivtsi Metropolitan Area 240,725
Ivano-Frankivsk Metropolitan Area 237,552
Rivne Metropolitan Area 228,212
Kropivnitskyy Metropolitan Area 225,913
Kamianske Metropolitan Area 223,589
Lutsk Metropolitan Area 218,316
Sumy Metropolitan Area 214,376
Kremenchuk Metropolitan Area 213,125
Bialitserkva Metropolitan Area 207,328
Horlivka Metropolitan Area 195,806
Sevastopol Metropolitan Area 189,598
Ternopil Metropolitan Area 187,740
Melitopol Metropolitan Area 166,662
Kramatorsk Metropolitan Area 150,246
Alchevsk Metropolitan Area 139,091
Nikopol Metropolitan Area 132,379
Sloviansk Metropolitan Area 132,301
Uzhhorod Metropolitan Area 124,809

North America

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Canada

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Further information: List of census metropolitan areas and agglomerations in Canada

In Canada, a census metropolitan area (CMA) or census agglomeration (CA) consists of one or more neighboring municipalities centered around a core population. A CMA requires a total population of at least 100,000, with 50,000 or more residing in the core, while a CA requires a core population of at least 10,000. Both are determined using data from Canada's Census of Population Program, and surrounding municipalities must demonstrate strong economic integration with the core, measured by commuting patterns.[46]

United States

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Main article: Metropolitan statistical area
See also: List of U.S. metropolitan areas by GDP

As of February 28, 2013, the United States Office of Management and Budget (OMB) defined 1,098 statistical areas for the metropolitan areas of the United States and Puerto Rico.[47] These 1,098 statistical areas comprise 929 Core-Based Statistical Areas (CBSAs) and 169 Combined Statistical Areas (CSAs). The 929 Core-Based Statistical Areas are divided into 388 Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs – 381 for the U.S. and seven for Puerto Rico) and 541 Micropolitan Statistical Areas (μSAs – 536 for the U.S. and five for Puerto Rico). The 169 Combined Statistical Areas (166 for the U.S. and three for Puerto Rico) each comprise two or more adjacent Core Based Statistical Areas.[citation needed]

The Office of Management and Budget defines a Metropolitan Statistical Area as one or more adjacent counties or county equivalents that have at least one urban area of at least 50,000 population, plus adjacent territory that has a high degree of economic and social integration with the core as measured by commuting ties. The OMB then defines a Combined Statistical Area as consisting of various combinations of adjacent metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas with economic ties measured by commuting patterns. The Office of Management and Budget further defines a core-based statistical area (CBSA) to be a geographical area that consists of one or more counties (or equivalents) anchored by an urban center of at least 10,000 people plus adjacent counties that are socioeconomically tied to the urban center by commuting.

Oceania

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Australia

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The Melbourne metropolitan area in Australia seen at night from the International Space Station

The Australian Bureau of Statistics uses Greater Capital City Statistical Areas (GCCSAs), which are geographical areas designed to represent the functional extent of each of the eight state and territory capital cities. They were designed to reflect labor markets, using the 2011 Census "travel to work" data. Labor markets are sometimes used as proxy measures of the functional extent of a city as it contains the majority of the commuting population. GCCSAs replaced "Statistical Divisions" used until 2011.[48]

Other metropolitan areas in Australia include cross border cities or continuous built-up areas between two or more cities that are connected by an extensive public transport network that allows for commuting for work or services.[citation needed]

South America

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Brazil

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Greater São Paulo in Brazil seen at night from the International Space Station
The following paragraph is an excerpt from List of metropolitan areas in Brazil § Definitions.[edit]
In Brazil, the terms metropolitan area (Portuguese: região metropolitana) and urban agglomeration (aglomeração urbana) have specific meanings. They are defined by federal and state legislation as collections of municipalities focused on "integrating the organization, planning and execution of public functions of common interest".[49] An integrated development area (região integrada de desenvolvimento) is one of the two above structures that crosses state (or Federal District) boundaries.

The IBGE defines also "Immediate Geographic Areas" (formerly termed microregions) which capture the region "surrounding urban centers for the supply of immediate needs of the population".[50] Intended for policy planning purposes, as of March 2021 census data is not tabulated on the level of these Areas, but instead at the municipality or state level.[51]

Chile

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There are three metropolitan areas in Chile, the biggest and most important one is the Gran Santiago in the Santiago Metropolitan Region, with over 7 million inhabitants, making it the largest and most populated urban area in Chile. The other two metro areas are Gran Valparaiso in the Valparaiso Region with almost a million inhabitants, and Gran Concepción in the Bio Bio Region, with a population of about a million people living in it. Smaller "metropolitan" areas are known as conurbations. Conurbaciones tend to have a bit over 200.000 inhabitants to be considered as such. An example is the Conurbacion de Rancagua, which considers the area shared by the city of Rancagua, and the adjacent smaller towns of Machalí, Gultro and Graneros.

See also

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Lists of metropolitan areas

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Metropolitan planning theories

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Terms

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References

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  1. ^ Loibl, Wolfgang; Etminan, Ghazal; Gebetsroither-Geringer, Ernst; Neumann, Hans-Martin; Sanchez-Guzman, Santiago (2018). "Characteristics of Urban Agglomerations in Different Continents: History, Patterns, Dynamics, Drivers and Trends". Urban Agglomeration. doi:10.5772/intechopen.73524. ISBN 978-953-51-3897-6.
  2. ^ Squires, G. Ed. Urban Sprawl: Causes, Consequences, & Policy Responses. (The urban Institute Press (2002)
  3. ^ Mark, M.; Katz, B; Rahman, S.; Warren, D. (2008). "MetroPolicy: Shaping A New Federal Partnership for a Metropolitan Nation" (PDF). Brookings Institution. pp. 4–103.
  4. ^ "Federal Register" (PDF). Office of Management and Budget. Retrieved October 5, 2023.
  5. ^ "Urban cores, Core cities and Principal cites". new geography.com. Retrieved October 5, 2023.
  6. ^ "Definition of Urban Terms" (PDF). demographia.com. Retrieved 22 October 2013.
  7. ^ "List 2. Principal cities of metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas, march 2020". Archived from the original on 2022-03-31.
  8. ^ Iris Reuther (FG Stadt- und Regionalplanung, Universität Kassel): Presentation "Regiopole Rostock". 11 December 2001, retrieved 13 June 2009 (pdf).
  9. ^ European Union/FAO/UN-Habitat/OECD/The World Bank (2021). Applying the Degree of Urbanisation — A methodological manual to define cities, towns and rural areas for international comparisons — 2021 edition. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. p. 51. doi:10.2785/706535. ISBN 978-92-76-20306-3.
  10. ^ European Union/FAO/UN-Habitat/OECD/The World Bank (2021). Applying the Degree of Urbanisation — A methodological manual to define cities, towns and rural areas for international comparisons — 2021 edition. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. p. 52. doi:10.2785/706535. ISBN 978-92-76-20306-3.
  11. ^ "About Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas". U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division. Archived from the original on Sep 25, 2011. Retrieved 27 April 2016.
  12. ^ "Alternative Approaches to Defining Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan". Federal Register. 63 (244). OMB. December 21, 1998. Archived from the original on July 23, 2009.
  13. ^ Lopez-Cermeño, Alexandra (Jul 14, 2015). "How services increased the economic gap between the rural and urban US". World Economic Forum. Retrieved 2022-04-19.
  14. ^ Gras, N. S. B. (1922). "The Development of Metropolitan Economy in Europe and America". The American Historical Review. 27 (4): 695–708. doi:10.2307/1837536. JSTOR 1837536.
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  18. ^ Tramway d'Alger : début des travaux
  19. ^ "ACTIVITÉS :: Entreprise Métro d'Alger". metroalger-dz.com.
  20. ^ La mise en service prévue pour le premier trimestre 2013, Ratiba.B, El Watan, 2 mai 2012
  21. ^ "Tlemcen: Le LGV se rapproche de Maghnia à petite vitesse". infotraficalgerie.dz. 23 July 2019. Retrieved 30 October 2023.
  22. ^ Algérie : Réalisation de la première ligne du tramway d’Oran
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  24. ^ ALSTOM (18 February 2023). "Le tramway de la ligne de Mostaganem en Algérie est entré en service commercial". Alstom (in French). Retrieved 2023-02-18.
  25. ^ Lancement prochain de 14 projets de tramways, S.H., S.H., 29 mai 2010
  26. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg Ritchie, Hannah; Samborska, Veronika; Roser, Max (2024-02-21). "Urbanization". Our World in Data.
  27. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj bk bl bm bn bo bp bq br bs bt bu bv bw bx by bz ca cb cc cd ce cf cg ch "Global Human Settlement - Stats in the city visualisation - European Commission". human-settlement.emergency.copernicus.eu. Retrieved 2025-04-25.
  28. ^ Muzzini, Elisa; Aparicio, Gabriela (2013). Bangladesh: The Path to Middle-Income Status from an Urban Perspective. Washington, D.C.: World Bank Publications. p. 52. ISBN 978-0-8213-9865-4.
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  33. ^ Metropolitan municipalities in Turkey
  34. ^ Al Qassemi, Sooud (June 19, 2012). "Infinite possibilities for Dubai-Sharjah-Ajman conurbation". Gulf News. Archived from the original on Nov 20, 2023.
  35. ^ Bardsley, Daniel (2022-08-02). "Dubai population to surge to nearly 6m in 20 years amid urban transformation". The National. Archived from the original on Apr 2, 2024.
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  38. ^ "What is the Urban Audit?". Urban Audit. Archived from the original on 2009-02-12.
  39. ^ "European cities – the EU-OECD functional urban area definition". Eurostat.
  40. ^ European Union/FAO/UN-Habitat/OECD/The World Bank (2021). Applying the Degree of Urbanisation — A methodological manual to define cities, towns and rural areas for international comparisons — 2021 edition. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. p. 52. doi:10.2785/706535. ISBN 978-92-76-20306-3.
  41. ^ "Glossary:Metro regions". Eurostat.
  42. ^ a b "Le nouveau zonage en aires d'attraction des villes". INSEE. Retrieved 2022-04-09.
  43. ^ a b c "Functional areas". INSEE. Retrieved 2022-04-09.
  44. ^ "Geografin i statistiken – regionala indelningar i Sverigelanguage=sv" (PDF). Statistics Sweden.
  45. ^ Beginners' guide to UK geography - Travel to Work Areas (TTWAs) Office for National Statistics
  46. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2017-11-15). "Illustrated Glossary - Census metropolitan area (CMA) and census agglomeration (CA)". www150.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2024-08-13.
  47. ^ "OMB Bulletin No. 13-01: Revised Delineations of Metropolitan Statistical Areas, Micropolitan Statistical Areas, and Combined Statistical Areas, and Guidance on Uses of the Delineations of These Areas" (PDF). United States Office of Management and Budget. February 28, 2013. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 21, 2017. Retrieved April 2, 2013.
  48. ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (12 July 2016). "GREATER CAPITAL CITY STATISTICAL AREA (GCCSA)". Australian Statistical Geography Standard. 1 (1270.0.55.001). Canberra, ACT. Retrieved 20 June 2021.
  49. ^ "Metropolitan Areas, Urban Agglomerations and Integrated Development Areas | IBGE". www.ibge.gov.br. Archived from the original on 2021-04-02. Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  50. ^ "Regional Divisions of Brazil". IBGE. Archived from the original on 2021-04-02. Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  51. ^ "Population Census | IBGE". www.ibge.gov.br. Retrieved 2021-04-02.
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